History of Particle Physics and Field Theory| History of Particle Physics and Field Theory |
Theoretical Aspects, Particle Physics in General
> s.a. history of XX-century physics
and quantum physics [including quantum field theory].
* Idea: The failure
to construct a relativistically invariant position eigenstate was a
contributing factor in the demise of the so-called relativistic quantum
mechanics, in favor of quantum field theories (> see locality).
* 1930s: Jordan introduced
annihilation and creation operators (who first realized that everything
is made of field quanta), viewed with suspicion by Pauli.
* 1947: The short paper
Hans Bethe published after the Shelter Island meeting, a calculation
of the Lamb shift that showed good agreement with the experimental value,
convinced the experts that QED was physically correct and no radically
new theory was needed.
@ Particle physics: Segrè 80;
Brown & Hoddeson ed-83;
Pickering 84;
Pais 86;
Riordan 87;
Bernstein 89;
Hovis & Kragh AJP(91)sep;
Ezhela et al ed-96;
Zichichi RNC(98);
Weinberg 03;
Rajasekaran phy/06 [structure of matter];
Weinberg PT(11)aug;
Bernstein AS(12)mar;
Henley & Ellis ed-13 [and nuclear physics];
Weinberg IJMPA(13);
Iurato a1402
[especially cosmic-ray physics and muon anomalous magnetic moment];
blog pt(14)aug [1970s];
Narison 16;
Schnitzer a2012 [the role of crucial calculations, 1955-1985].
@ Renormalization: Brown ed-93;
Huang IJMPA(13)-a1310;
Brézin JSP(14)-a1402-talk;
Peskin JSP(14)-a1405 [Ken Wilson and strong interactions].
> Specific topics: see casimir effect;
chern-simons theory; p-adic strings;
regularization.
Gauge Theory and the Standard Model
> s.a. particle physics.
@ Gauge theories, Yang-Mills theory:
't Hooft RMP(00),
Veltman RMP(00) [Nobel lectures];
De Rújula hp/04-ch [Yang-Mills theories];
Marateck phy/06 [and Feynman diagrams],
phy/06 [Yang-Mills paper];
Huang 07;
Salisbury SHPMP(09)-a0904-proc [Léon Rosenfeld's work on local gauge symmetries];
Marateck NAMS-a1111;
Yang PT(14)nov [and Maxwell's equations];
Kibble a1412 [standard model];
Scholz a1607 [precursor, Weyl and automorphisms];
Slavnov a1511-conf;
't Hooft NPB(16)-a1604 [renormalization].
@ QED: Schweber 94;
Dyson PT(05)oct [Bethe];
Kinoshita IJMPA(06) [Tomonaga];
Esposito phy/06,
FP(07)phy/06 [Majorana manuscripts];
Baym & Ozawa PNAS(09)-a0902 [Bohr's argument for electromagnetic field quantization].
@ QCD:
Adler hp/04/PT;
Gross RMP(05) [Nobel lecture];
Greenberg a0803-proc [discovery of color degree of freedom];
Tkachov a0904 [quarks, Struminsky's 1965 paper],
comment Petrov a0908,
follow-up Tkachov a0912;
Cao 10; Karl IJMPA(10) [and confinement];
Ali & Kramer EJPH(11)-a1110 [impact of quark and gluon jets];
Leutwyler MPLA(14)-a1211-ln [strong interactions];
Fritzsch MPLA(13)-proc;
Cao MPLA(14);
Gell-Mann MPLA(14);
Crewther IJMPA(15)-a1412-in [understanding of neutral pion decay];
Ellis a1608 [contributions of Guido Altarelli];
de Rújula a1610-conf,
a1910;
> s.a. lattice QCD.
@ Quarks: Zweig IJMPA(10)-a1007 [Gell-Mann];
Gell-Mann IJMPA(13);
news sn(14)jan [50th anniversary];
Glashow IJMPA(14),
Fritzsch IJMPA(14) [50 years];
Ellis a1409-ch [discovery of gluons];
Ravndal IJMPA(15)-a1411-in [work with Feynman on the parton model];
Petrov a1412,
a2001;
> s.a. hadrons; QCD phenomenology.
@ Weak interactions:
Lee IJMPA(01);
Lesov a0911;
Mohapatra IJMPA(12);
Maiani RNC-a1303 [Cabibbo theory];
Rajasekaran Res(14)-a1403.
@ Electroweak theory:
Aczel SA(10)nov [Weinberg and the electroweak theory];
Kibble a1502-conf [symmetry breaking];
Peskin a2003-proc [precision theory].
@ Other interactions, high-energy physics:
Straumann hp/96-ln;
O'Raifeartaigh 97;
't Hooft ht/98;
Jackiw phy/04 [contributions by Jackiw];
Polyakov ht/04-ch;
Rajasekaran phy/06-conf [Indian contributions];
Schroer EPJH(10)-a0712 [contributions by Swieca].
@ Specific types of particles:
Rosenfeld PTPS(68) [meson];
Brown PT(86)dec [Yukawa and the meson];
> s.a. photon.
@ Specific theoretical topics: Petrov a0908 [quark color, Soviet contribution];
Pietschmann EPJH(11)-a1101 [current algebra];
Karaca SHPMP(13)
[construction of the Higgs mechanism and emergence of the electroweak theory];
Mättig & Stöltzner a1806 [Higgs particle discovery, epistemic attitudes].
@ Specific periods:
Brown et al PT(88)nov [1950s];
Corrigan a0810 [1969, graduate education];
Maiani & Bonolis EPJH(17)-a1705 [1958-1993, esp Italy].
> Other specific theories:
see electromagnetism; dirac fields in curved spacetime.
> Other specific topics:
see connection; higgs boson;
neutrinos; spin;
symmetries and symmetry breaking.
Beyond the Standard Model
> s.a. GUTs; unified theories.
* String theory:
The original phenomenological theory described hadrons as elongated
strings, because of the long range forces indicated by the Regge
trajectories; With strings considered as fundamental (anomaly cancellations),
it became extremely popular in the mid-1980s, and made grandiose claims;
Then decrease of interest (J Ehlers: It is in danger of losing contact
with thought experiments!), until duality and M-theory came along.
@ General references: O'Raifeartaigh & Straumann RMP(00)hp/98 [Kaluza-Klein theory].
@ Quantum gravity:
Rovelli gq/00-MG9;
> s.a. history of relativistic physics.
@ Supersymmetry: Ramond EPJC(14)-a1401 [the early years (1966-1976)];
Jarlskog a1503 [early roots];
> s.a. supergravity; supersymmetric field theories.
@ String theory: Di Vecchia LNP(08)-a0704 [1968-1974];
Freund a0708-conf [two-component hadronic duality precursor];
Di Vecchia & Schwimmer LNP(08)-a0708 [beginning];
Schwarz a0708-ln;
Ramond a0708-ch;
Shapiro a0711-ch;
Musto a0801-ch;
Goddard a0802-ch [from dual models];
Cremmer a0812-ch;
Yoneya a0901-ch [and gravity];
Nielsen a0904-conf [and Veneziano model];
Schwarz a1201-ln [and supersymmetry];
Cappelli et al ed-12;
Rickles 14;
Itoyama PTEP(16)-a1604 [early history, Veneziano, Nambu];
Castellani a1802-in [and scientific methodology].
Experimental Aspects
> s.a. experimental particle physics.
@ General references: Amaldi PRP(84) [and nuclear physics];
Taubes 86 [Z and W];
Dahl 97 [electron];
Krige Isis(01) [heavy bosons];
Giacomelli phy/06-conf [bubble chambers];
Samios IJMPA(10)
[1950s & 1960s, Gell-Mann and discoveries];
Melissinos 12;
Navarro 12 [electron];
Thomas HSNS(12) [interpretive methods, 1930-1950];
Tannenbaum EPJH(16)-a1608 [the search for the W and the Higgs].
@ Facilities, experiments: Stevens HSPBS(03) [accelerators];
Holmes a1109-conf [Tevatron proton-antiproton collider];
Shiltsev a1307-ch [the first colliders];
Maiani & Bonolis EPJH-a1705 [LHC timeline].
@ Cosmic-ray physics:
Xu & Brown AJP(87)jan;
Cronin EPJH(11)-a1111
[1953 cosmic-ray conference at Bagnères de Bigorre and beginning of subatomic physics];
> s.a. cosmic rays.
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