Observational Cosmology| Observational Cosmology |
In General > s.a. astronomy [observation methods, distance ladder];
astrophysics; cosmological models
and standard cosmological model.
* Status: GAMA survey of over 200,000
galaxies across a broad wavelength range concludes that the energy output is decreasing.
* Observational missions: 1989, COBE
(Cosmic Background Explorer) launched; 1992, First anisotropy reported by COBE; 2001, WMAP
(Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe), launched; 2009, ESA's Planck launched, to measure
the cmb over a broad range of far-infrared wavelengths, and to an unprecedented accuracy.
@ Books:
Bothun 98 [III];
Serjeant 10.
@ Reviews: Baryshev et al ViA(94)ap/95;
Bahcall ap/95-conf;
Bernardeau ap/98-ln;
Lahav ap/98-proc [galaxy surveys];
Peebles ap/98-PASP,
ap/99-in,
IJMPA(01)01-proc;
Turner ap/98-proc,
& Tyson RMP(99)ap;
Krauss ap/01-conf;
Balbi ap/01-conf;
Lineweaver ap/01-conf;
Sarkar hp/02-conf;
Tegmark Nat(02)jan,
LNP(04)ap/02;
Peebles ap/02-proc;
Reid et al ap/02;
Melchiorri RNC(03) [precision cosmology];
Ostriker & Souradeep Pra(04)ap;
Peacock et al ap/06-rp [ESA-ESO report];
Baryshev et al a0809-conf ["practical cosmology"].
@ Status: Disney GRG(00)ap;
Opher ap/03-conf;
Peebles ap/03-conf [open problems];
Sanders LNP(05)ap/04;
Starkman et al MNRAS(10)-a0909 [and future];
Quercellini et al PRP(12)-a1011 ["real-time cosmology"];
Benetti et al JCAP(13)
[indications for new physics beyond a Harrison-Zel'dovich perturbation spectrum and the standard model];
news sa(15)aug [the universe is slowly fading out].
@ Theory: Verde et al a1303/PDU [local measurements];
Nugier PhD-a1309 [lightcone averaging and precision cosmology];
Blasco et al PRL(15)-a1501 [timelike information from the early universe];
Grandis et al JCAP(16)-a1510 [quantifying information gained from probes];
Nicola et al PRD(16)-a1607 [integrated approach];
Francfort et al a1907 [observational number counts].
Age of the Universe
* History: The first estimates were based
on the Sun's lifetime, but the oldest globular clusters are 13.5 ± 2 Gyr old.
* Methods:
Cosmochronology of long-lived radioactive nuclei; Stellar modelling and population
synthesis of the oldest stellar populations; Precision cosmology with mapping of the
acoustic peaks in the cmb.
* 2000:
t0 ≈ 13 Gyr.
* 2001:
t0 = 13.2 (+3.6−2.0)
Gyr (1-σ), or 14.0 ± 0.5 Gyr [cmb].
* 2003:
11.2 < t0<
20 Gyr, t0
= 14.1+1.0−0.9 Gyr from WMAP+SDSS+SNIa.
* 2006: Accepted value 13.7 Gyr;
Results based on measurement of Triangulum galaxy distance indicate a value 15% higher.
@ References:
Hendry & Tayler CP(96);
Jiménez ap/97-ln,
ap/98-proc [and Λ];
Chaboyer PRP(98)ap;
Lineweaver Sci(99)ap;
Gribbin 00;
Ferreras et al MNRAS(01)ap;
Tonry et al ap/01-proc;
Lahav ap/01-APS [cmb and 2dF];
Knox et al ApJL(01)ap [from cmb];
Krauss & Chaboyer Sci(03)jan [from globular clusters];
Lima a0708 [expression in terms of average deceleration];
Avelino & Kirshner ApJ(16)-a1607 [the dimensionless age of the universe is close to 1].
Matter and Radiation-Related Observations
> s.a. light [propagation, transparency]; matter
content; matter distribution.
@ Chemistry:
Cen & Ostriker ApJL(99)ap [evolution];
> s.a. early-universe nucleosynthesis.
@ Birefringence: Nodland & Ralston PRL(97)ap
+ PRL(97)ap
+ ap/97/PRL,
Eisenstein & Bunn PRL(97)ap,
Leahy ap/97/PRL;
Wardle et al PRL(97);
Loredo et al PRD(97);
Jain & Ralston MPLA(99);
> s.a. polarization.
@ Other light-propagation effects:
Ralston et al PRL(98) [Faraday rotation];
Liao et al PRD(15)-a1512 [cosmic opacity/transparency].
@ Particle propagation and detection: Fleury PLB(16)-a1604 [time delay];
> s.a. cosmic rays.
@ Cosmic parallax: Quercellini et al PRL(09)-a0809 [geometry from cosmic parallax];
Fontanini et al PRD(09)-a0905 [for test galaxies, and cosmological models];
Räsänen JCAP(14)-a1312 [covariant treatment].
@ Cosmology and small-scale physics:
Niemeyer PRD(02)ap [curvature perturbations];
Freedman & Turner RMP(03);
> s.a. black-hole types [primordial];
inflation; quantum-gravity phenomenology.
@ Equation of state: Visser CQG(04)gq/03 [and jerk];
Takahashi & Nakamura PTP(05)ap/04 [from gravitational waves];
> s.a. dark energy.
@ Gravitational waves: Lasky et al PRX(16) [observations across 29 decades in frequency].
@ Other techniques: Lombardi A&A(02)ap [interpolation, smoothing];
Van Waerbeke MNRAS(10)-a0906 [cosmic shear and magnification as probes];
Chen EPJST(14)-a1402 [cosmology with high-intensity lasers].
> Related topics:
see monopoles; topological
defects; variation of constants.
Other Observed Properties
> s.a. cosmological parameters; early universe.
@ General references: Ma & Scott PRD(16)-a1510 [measurable cosmological information].
@ Redshifts:
Davis PhD(03)ap/04 [and horizons];
Romano a1204 [and a cosmological uncertainty principle];
Calcino & Davis JCAP(17)-a1610 [redshift shifts as probes of local inhomogeneities].
@ Rotation: Kogut et al PRD(97)ap [from COBE maps];
Kühne MPLA(97)ap [and galaxy rotation axes];
Godlowski et al GRG(03)ap/04 [L of celestial bodies];
> s.a. galaxies [motions].
> Expansion and geometry:
see acceleration; Cosmography;
cosmological constant; expansion;
geometry [including redshift-luminosity relation];
topology.
> Local properties:
see cosmological principle
[homogeneity, isotropy]; matter distribution.
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send feedback and suggestions to bombelli at olemiss.edu – modified 9 jul 2019