Cosmic Microwave Background  

In General > s.a. observational cosmology; topological defects.
* History: 1965, Discovered by Penzias and Wilson of Bell Labs; 1992, Anisotropy reported by COBE with 7°; 1996, Plans for experiments down to 10'; 1999, plans for MAP and Planck orbiting detectors; 2000, Boomerang maps with 50 l 600 support inflation and flat space; 2001, Boomerang and DASI data show second and third peaks in angular distributions; 2003, WMAP blows everybody away; 2006, WMAP 3-year results, and plans for Planck.
* Temperature: Value T = 2.726 K, according to COBE results [@ news pn(93)jan], spectrum exactly like a blackbody spectrum.
@ General references: Alpher & Herman Nat(48)nov; Penzias RMP(79); Wilson RMP(79); Ehrlich AJP(92); de Bernardis et al Nat(00)apr; Caldwell & Kamionkowski SA(01)jan; Cooray ap/02-in [future]; Bock et al ap/06-rp [task force report]; Chluba & Sunyaev a0707-A&A [temperature uncertainty and ionization history]; Tristram & Ganga RPP(07)-a0708 [data analysis].
@ Books: Lemonick 03 [WMAP, I]; Lachièze-Rey & Gunzig 99 [I]; Naselsky et al 06 [r CQG(07)]; Giovannini 08 [primer].
@ Intros, reviews: Steinhardt IJMPA(95); Lasenby et al PTRS(99)ap/98 [observations]; Lawrence et al PASP(99)ap/98; Barreiro NAR(00)ap/99; Smoot ap/99-in [COBE]; Lineweaver ap/99-in; Dodelson IJMPA(00); Gawiser & Silk PRP(00)ap; Kosowsky ap/01-ln; Miller ap/01-in; Page ap/02-in; Silk AIHP(03)ap/02; Wright ap/04-ln; Scott & Smoot in PLB(04)ap; Lin & Wandelt APP(06)ap/04; Scott & Smoot ap/06-rp; Souradeep IJMPD(06)ap; Giovannini IJMPA(07)ap-ln; Silk JPA(07); Hu a0802-ln; Samtleben et al ARNPS(07)-a0803.
@ WMAP and other missions: Bennett et al SA(01)jan, ApJS(03)ap, ApJS(03)ap; Spergel et al ApJS(03)ap; Fosalba & Szapudi ApJL(04)ap; Spergel et al ap/06/ApJ [3-year results]; Planck Collaboration ap/06 [program]; Balbi NAR(07)ap/06 [Planck]; Komatsu et al a0803 + news pw(08)mar [5-year results].
@ Detection, analysis: de Oliveira-Costa et al PRD(05) [atmospheric effects]; White ap/06-in [future Planck mission].
@ Other opinions: Navia et al a0707 [origin in local supercluster].
@ Related topics: Caldwell & Stebbins PRL(08)-a0711 [Copernican principle / privileged location].

Polarization > s.a. dark matter.
* Values: Linear polarization 10–6 (DASI 2002); Characterized by Stokes parameters S0 or I = (Tx + Ty)/2, S1 or Q = (TxTy)/2, S2 or U, and S2 or S3 or U.
* Significance: Related to anisotropy, but it is a signature of the motion of the primordial seeds that led to the large-scale structure observed today, and gives a different combination of information on physical parameters, including the presence of gravitational waves.
@ Reviews: Challinor ap/05-ln; Hedman AS(05)may; Bartlett ap/06-in; news pw(06)may; Balbi et al ap/06-in.
@ General references: Kamionkowski et al PRD(97) [stats]; Guzik et al PRD(00)ap/99; Bunn PRD(02)ap/01 [detectability]; Balbi et al ap/01-in; Cooray PRD(02)ap [lensing], et al PLB(03)ap/02 [circular?]; Gangui ap/03-in [and topological defects]; Cabella & Kamionkowski ap/04-in [theory]; Abramo & Xavier ap/06 [and primordial matter distribution]; Rocher et al JCAP(07) [and inflation].
@ Detection: Zaldarriaga & Seljak PRD(97) [analysis]; Kovac et al Nat(02)ap; Gangui Sci(03)ap; Page et al ap/06/ApJ [WMAP 3-year data]; Ralston & Jain ap/06 [classification of observables]; Samtleben et QUIET a0802-in.
@ And gravitational waves: Kesden et al PRL(02)ap; Zhang et al PRD(06)ap/05; Keating et al IJMPA(06)ap; Baskaran et al PRD(06)gq; Grishchuk a0707-in.
@ Faraday rotation: Scóccola et al PRD(04)ap; Kosowsky et al PRD(05) [stochastic B]; Ni a0712-in.

Other Effects and Properties > s.a. anisotropy; black hole types [primordial]; quantum gravity phenomenology; susy phenomenology.
* Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect: A spectral distortion of the cosmic microwave background due to hot gas in galaxy clusters, by which the spectrum is shfted towards higher energies; The main example of cluster in which it is seen is the Coma cluster.
@ Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect: Birkinshaw PRP(99); Ma & Fry PRL(02)ap/01; Refregier & Teyssier PRD(02) [large-scale]; Carlstrom et al ARAA(02)ap; Huffenberger et al PRD(04)ap [WMAP and cosmological parameters]; Rephaeli et al ap/05-in [rev]; news space(06)sep [claim of smaller effect than expected in nearby clusters].
@ And hep/quantum gravity: Kamionkowski & Kosowsky ARNPS(99)ap; Signore & Puy ap/01-in [dark energy]; Bergström & Danielsson JHEP(02); Hogan AS(02); Kaloper et al PRD(02)ht; Brandenberger & Martin IJMPA(02)ht; Shiu & Wasserman PLB(02)ht; Elgarøy & Hannestad PRD(03); Sriramkumar & Padmanabhan PRD(05) [vs initial conditions]; Easther et al JCAP(05); Queisser et al CQG(07)gq/06; Challinor ap/06-in; Danielsson ap/06 [possible signature at 2.2 10–5 MP]; > s.a. anisotropy.
@ And gravitation: Noh ap/02-in [R2 gravity]; Nagata et al PRD(04)ap/03 [scalar-tensor and dG/dt]; Pritchard & Kamionkowski AP(05)ap/04 [and inflationary gravitational waves]; Boucher G&C(05)ap [G and equivalence principle violations]; Li & Chu PRD(06)ap, Li et al ap/06 [f(R)].
@ Weak lensing: Amblard et al NA(04)ap; Lewis & Challinor PRP(06); > s.a. lensing.
@ Ellipticity: Gurzadyan et al NCB(03)ap/04 [spot ellipticity], PLA(07)ap/06 [and large-scale structure].
@ Other effects: Fischler et al JHEP(03)ht [entropy and acceleration]; Jaffe et al ApJ(05)ap, comment Palle ap/05 [vorticity], Hsu & Zee MPLA(06)phy/05 ["message in the sky"]; Burles & Rappaport ap/06/ApJL [aberration]; Peacock a0705 [anthropic predictions]; Babich et al a0705 [Kuiper Belt and inner Oort Cloud objects]; Zibin et al PRD(07)-a0706 [evolution].
> Other effects: see arrow of time; astronomical objects [magnetic fields]; equivalence principle.
> In other models: see bianchi models; branes; inflation; modified lorentz symmetry and phenomenology; perturbations; strings.


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