Quantum-Gravity
Phenomenology| Quantum-Gravity
Phenomenology |
In General > s.a. approaches; effective
theories; quantum gravity [including philosophy]
and canonical
quantum gravity; quantum spacetime.
* Idea: The identification of quantum properties of spacetime which
might give rise to observably large effects.
* Types and examples:
Theoretically, some predictions are geometric (like black hole area quantization,
with 
Amin
4 ln2 lP2),
others concern behavior of matter (like photon propagation); Phenomenologically,
some
predict systematic shifts in observed quantities, others new fundamental
uncertanties.
* Scale: 1996, Bound
is 10–19 m,
from p-pbar
collisions at Fermilab (no internal structure in quarks at that level), and p decay
experiments have in effect probed smaller scales [@ news pn(96)dec];
2008, Non-observation of small black holes produced by cosmic rays implies
model-independent lower bound of 488 GeV.
@ I / II: Amelino-Camelia pw(03)nov;
Smolin PT(06)nov.
@ Reviews:
Amelino-Camelia MPLA(02)gq-in, a0806;
Hossenfelder & Smolin a0911-in.
@ General references: Wheeler IJMPA(93);
Salopek IJMPD(94);
Smolin gq/95;
Ashtekar PRL(96)gq [large
effects]; Ahluwalia ChJP(97)gq [non-locality,
free-fall, etc]; Amelino-Camelia MPLA(98)gq, LNP(00)gq/99-in,
Nat(01)gq,
ap/02-in
[gamma- and cosmic rays], et al APP(03)gq/02 [particle
production]; Ashtekar mp/02-in;
Ahluwalia MPLA(02)gq-in;
Ng MPLA(03)gq, gq/04-in,
NCB(05);
Giulini et al ed-03; Amelino-Camelia GRG(04)ap/03 [in
space], gq/04-in,
et al gq/05-in
[strategy]; Aloisio et al gq/04-in, NCB(05)ap-in;
Kimberly & Magueijo gq/05-ln;
Corichi & Sudarsky IJMPD(05)gq [new
scheme]; Ahluwalia-Khalilova CQG(05)ht;
Sudarsky IJMPD(05)gq;
Smolin gq/06-in;
Hossenfelder AIP(07)ht/06-in;
Ivanov a0706-in
[low-energy]; Amelino-Camelia & Kowalski-Glikman ed-05 [astrophysics and
cosmology]; Das & Vagenas PRL(08)-a0811 [universality
of corrections]; Bonder & Sudarsky ROMP-a0811 [respecting
Lorentz symmetry]; Jannes a0907-PhD [and analogue gravity in BECs].
@ Scale: Ne'eman PLA(94)
[mass and localizability]; Dvali et al PRD(02)
[as low as 10–3 eV];
Anchordoqui et al PRD(03)hp;
Kazakov IJMPD(03)ht;
Hong & Hsu PLB(04)hp/03 [brane
world]; Han & Willenbrock PLB(05)
[radiative corrections and new physics at 1018 GeV];
Meschini FS(07)gq/06 [Planck
scale significance]; Calmet & Hsu PLB(08)-a0711,
Calmet & Feliciangeli PRD(08)-a0806 [energy
scale in 4D]; Dvali & Gómez PLB(09)-a0812 [theories
with N species, and information]; Frampton CQG(09)
[and black-hole formation]; Pankovic a0901 [from
microscopic black holes]; Giddings a0910-in [beyond the Planck scale]; > s.a. Chandrasekhar
Limit; GUTs.
@ Against the idea: Mohrhoff MPLA(02)qp [quantum-gravity
phenomenology = "contradiction in terms", only
hep cutoff].
Spacetime Measurements > s.a. causality
violations; constants; DSR;
modified lorentz symmetry; modified
uncertainty relations.
* Idea: Quantum uncertainties
in the metric limit space and time measurements, modify uncertainty relations;
For example, the time of an event cannot be determined
with accuracy better than 
t /t =
a0 (tP/t)a,
for
some a0, a 1.
* Minimal length:
Can be expressed in a continuum-based theory through a generalized uncertainty
principle, modified dispersion relations, or modified action of the Lorentz
group (as in DSR).
@ Limitations: Salecker & Wigner PR(58);
in Misner et al 73, 1190ff; Padmanabhan CQG(87);
Mashhoon PLA(90);
Wheeler PRD(90);
Schön gq/93;
Amelino-Camelia MPLA(94)gq/96,
MPLA(96)gq,
PLB(97)gq/96,
PLB(00)gq/99;
Ng & Van Dam MPLA(94);
Jaekel & Reynaud
PLA(94)qp/98,
QSO(95)qp;
Baez & Olson CQG(02)gq,
comment Ng & van Dam
CQG(03)gq/02;
Calmet et al PRL(04)ht,
IJMPD(05)ht-GRF;
Lloyd qp/05 [covariant,
from computation]; Galán & Mena PRD(05)gq
[from DSR]; Calmet EPJC(08)ht/07-in,
MPLA(07)-a0704-in;
Amelino-Camelia & Stachel a0710;
Requardt a0807 [closer
inspection].
@ Minimal length: Heisenberg ZP(43); Aspinwall NPB(94)ht [strings];
Garay IJMPA(95)gq/94;
Hinrichsen & Kempf JMP(96)ht/95;
Padmanabhan PRL(97)ht/96 [duality];
Amelino-Camelia
gq/01-in;
Chang ht/04-in;
Hossenfelder MPLA(04)hp [and
large extra dimensions]; Ahluwalia-Khalilova IJMPD(05)ht
[from stabilized Poincaré-Heisenberg
algebra]; Hossenfelder CQG(06)ht/05 [consistency
of approaches]; Schiller IJTP(06);
Maziashvili hp/06;
Klinkhamer JETPL(07)gq
[different from Planck length]; > s.a. effects
on matter.
@ Minimal length and quantum field theory: Brustein et al PRD(02)ht/00;
Lieu ApJL(02)ap [hep];
Hossenfelder PRD(06)ht [interpretation].
@ Lorentz invariance: Rovelli & Speziale PRD(03)gq,
Livine & Oriti
JHEP(04)gq [discrete];
Alfaro et al PRD(04)
[lqg, variables].
@ Minimum time: Itzhaki PLB(94)ht;
Barbero et al PRD(04)gq/03 [non-perturbative
model].
@ Simultaneity: Kok et al qp/02 [distributed entanglement].
Other Effects and Applications > s.a. entanglement.
> The transplanckian issue:
see black-hole radiation; early-universe
cosmology; inflation; higher-order
gravity.
> Specific issues and topics:
see Correspondence
Principle; entropy bound; observables;
Parity [violation]; quantum
computing.
> Effects and applications
in various areas:
see cosmology and gravitation, photons and matter;
spacetime foam; spacetime
geometry.
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nov
2009