Quantum
Gravity Phenomenology| Quantum
Gravity Phenomenology |
In General > s.a. approaches; effective
theories; quantum gravity [including philosophy]
and canonical
quantum gravity; quantum spacetime.
* Idea: The identification of quantum properties of spacetime which
might give rise to observably large effects.
* Types and examples:
Theoretically, some predictions are geometric (like black hole area quantization,
with 
Amin
4 ln2 lP2),
others concern behavior of matter (like photon propagation); Phenomenologically,
some
predict systematic shifts in observed quantities, others new fundamental
uncertanties.
* Scale: 1996, Bound
is 10–19 m,
from p-pbar
collisions at Fermilab (no internal structure in quarks at that level), and p decay
experiments have in effect probed smaller scales [@ news pn(96)dec].
@ I/II: Amelino-Camelia pw(03)nov;
Smolin PT(06)nov.
@ Reviews:
Amelino-Camelia MPLA(02)gq-in, a0806.
@ General references: Wheeler IJMPA(93);
Salopek IJMPD(94);
Smolin gq/95;
Ashtekar PRL(96)gq [large
effects]; Ahluwalia ChJP(97)gq [non-locality,
free-fall, etc]; Amelino-Camelia MPLA(98)gq, LNP(00)gq/99-in,
Nat(01)gq,
ap/02-in
[gamma- and cosmic rays], et al APP(03)gq/02 [particle
production]; Ashtekar mp/02-in;
Ahluwalia MPLA(02)gq-in;
Ng MPLA(03)gq, gq/04-in,
NCB(05);
Giulini et al ed-03; Amelino-Camelia GRG(04)ap/03 [in
space], gq/04-in,
et al gq/05-in
[strategy]; Aloisio et al gq/04-in, NCB(05)ap-in;
Kimberly & Magueijo gq/05-ln;
Corichi & Sudarsky IJMPD(05)gq [new
scheme]; Ahluwalia-Khalilova CQG(05)ht;
Sudarsky IJMPD(05)gq;
Smolin gq/06-in;
Hossenfelder ht/06-in;
Ivanov a0706-in
[low-energy]; Amelino-Camelia & Kowalski-Glikman ed-05 [astrophysics and
cosmology].
@ Scale: Ne'eman PLA(94)
[mass and localizability]; Scardigli NPPS(00)ht/99 [GUT
scales]; Dvali et al PRD(02)
[as low as 10–3 eV];
Anchordoqui et al PRD(03)hp;
Kazakov IJMPD(03)ht;
Hong & Hsu PLB(04)hp/03 [brane
world]; Han & Willenbrock PLB(05)
[radiative corrections and new physics at 1018 GeV];
Meschini FS(07)gq/06 [Planck
scale significance]; Calmet & Hsu a0711,
Calmet & Feliciangeli a0806 [energy
scale in 4D].
@ Against the idea: Mohrhoff MPLA(02)qp [quantum
gravity
phenomenology = "contradiction in terms", only
hep cutoff].
Spacetime Measurements > s.a. causality
violations; constants; DSR;
modified lorentz symmetry; uncertainty.
* Idea: Quantum uncertainties
in the metric limit space and time measurements, modify uncertainty relations;
For example, the time of an event cannot be determined
with accuracy better than 
t /t =
a0 (tP/t)a,
for
some a0, a 1.
* Minimal length:
Can be expressed in a continuum-based theory through a generalized uncertainty
principle, modified dispersion relations, or modified action of the Lorentz
group (as in DSR).
@ Limitations: Salecker & Wigner PR(58);
in Misner et al 73, 1190ff; Padmanabhan CQG(87);
Mashhoon PLA(90);
Wheeler PRD(90);
Schön gq/93;
Amelino-Camelia MPLA(94)gq/96,
MPLA(96)gq,
PLB(97)gq/96,
PLB(00)gq/99;
Ng & Van Dam MPLA(94);
Jaekel & Reynaud
PLA(94)qp/98,
QSO(95)qp;
Baez & Olson CQG(02)gq,
comment Ng & van Dam
CQG(03)gq/02;
Calmet et al PRL(04)ht,
IJMPD(05)ht-GRF;
Lloyd qp/05 [covariant,
from computation]; Galán & Mena PRD(05)gq
[from DSR]; Calmet ht/07-in,
MPLA(07)-a0704-in;
Amelino-Camelia & Stachel a0710.
@ Minimal length: Heisenberg ZP(43); Aspinwall NPB(94)ht [strings];
Garay IJMPA(95)gq/94;
Hinrichsen & Kempf JMP(96)ht/95;
Padmanabhan PRL(97)ht/96 [duality];
Amelino-Camelia
gq/01-in;
Chang ht/04-in;
Hossenfelder MPLA(04)hp [and
large extra dimensions]; Ahluwalia-Khalilova IJMPD(05)ht
[from stabilized Poincaré-Heisenberg
algebra]; Hossenfelder CQG(06)ht/05 [consistency
of approaches]; Schiller IJTP(06);
Maziashvili hp/06;
Klinkhamer JETPL(07)gq
[different from Planck length]; > s.a. effects
on matter.
@ Minimal length and quantum field theory: Brustein et al PRD(02)ht/00;
Lieu ApJL(02)ap [hep];
Hossenfelder PRD(06)ht [interpretation].
@ Lorentz invariance: Rovelli & Speziale PRD(03)gq,
Livine & Oriti
JHEP(04)gq [discrete];
Alfaro et al PRD(04)
[lqg, variables].
@ Minimum time: Itzhaki PLB(94)ht;
Barbero et al PRD(04)gq/03 [non-perturbative
model].
@ Simultaneity: Kok et al qp/02 [distributed entanglement].
And Singularities > s.a. cosmological
effects; matter
phenomenology [collapse]; models in quantum
gravity; singularities;
strings; wormholes.
* Singularity avoidance:
Early work on Gowdy models using ADM variables was inconclusive; Work on FRW
models and black holes by Bojowald et al using connection variables, and by
Husain
& Winkler
using metric variables, indicates that the singularity is avoided there.
@ Avoidance, collapse: Hájícek NPB(01)ht/00, & Kiefer
IJMPD(01)gq [spherical
shell]; Modesto PRD(04)gq,
CQG(06)
[black holes];
Husain & Winkler CQG(05)gq/04 [spherical
black holes + scalar].
@ Avoidance: Wheeler GRG(77);
Padmanabhan CQG(84);
Smith & Bergmann
PRD(86);
Joshi NCB(90); Bramson PRS(93)
[particle model]; Russo PLB(94)
[need non-trivial topologies]; Callender & Weingard PLA(95)
[Bohm
theory]; Hosoya CQG(95);
Brandenberger gq/95 [cosmological];
Hod gq/99;
Hod & Piran GRG(00)gq [censorship];
Gal'tsov gq/01-MG9
[behavior]; Konkowski & Helliwell gq/04-in,
et al gq/04-in, gq/04-in
[vs classical]; Mallios & Raptis gq/04 [abstract
differentil geometry]; Xiang
& Shen MPLA(05)
[and gup]; Wilson gq/05-in;
Esposito et al JPA(06)in
[1-loop, euclidean]; Raptis IJTP(06);
Bojowald gq/07-ln
[rev]; Pitelli & Letelier PRD-a0805 [BTZ
black hole]..
@ Avoidance, lqg: Bojowald PRL(05),
et
al PRL(05)gq [black
holes];
Goswami et al PRL(06)gq/05 [scalar
collapse, pw(06)jan];
Ashtekar
& Bojowald CQG(06)gq/05 [Schwarzschild];
Bojowald CQG(06)gq/05 [degenerate
metrics]; Modesto gq/06 [Schwarzschild],
ht/07-in [black
holes];
Böhmer
& Vandersloot PRD(07)-a0709
[Schwarzschild]; > s.a. frw
models, quantum black holes.
@ Near singularities: Joshi & Joshi CQG(88);
Qadir & Siddiqui CQG(90)-a0801;
Krori et al PLA(90);
Mazumder IJTP(90)
[cosmological]; Smailagic et
al ht/03 [0-point
length from T-duality]; Damour & Nicolai IJMPD(08)-a0705 [and
maximally extended hyperbolic
Kac-Moody algebra
E10].
Geometry > s.a. discrete
models; higher-dimensions; non-commutative
geometry; quantum
cosmology; quantum
gravity; regge calculus.
* Idea: Blurring of st
events and metric is expected to lead to fuzziness in causal relations and
smearing of singularities.
@ General references: Motoyoshi NCB(93);
Sonego PLA(95)
[interpretation]; Amelino-Camelia Nat(99)gq/98,
PLB(00)gq/99;
Amelino-Camelia et al CQG(04)ht/03 [
-Poincaré
algebra]; Smolin NPB(06)ht/05 [energy-dependent
metric, and DSR]; Lehnert gq/07-in
[spacetime symmetries].
@ Metric fluctuations: Acebal et al PLB(98),
Miller GRG(00)
[stochastic model]; Ahluwalia Nat(99)gq;
Ellis et al GRG(99)gq-GRF
[general]; Frenkel FP(02)qp/00 [Károlyházy];
Hu et al IJTP(04)
[semiclassical stability]; Kazakov G&C(04)
[and correspondence principle]; Ford IJTP(05)gq-in
[test particle Brownian motion]; Requardt MPLA(07)gq/05
[and holographic hypothesis]; Hu & Roura in(07)gq/06 [around
a black hole]; Hogan PRD(08)-a0712 [holographic
noise and interferometers].
> Related topics:
see black hole thermodynamics; differential
geometry [generalizations]; differentiable
manifolds; manifolds; spacetime
foam.
Other Effects and Applications
> The transplanckian issue:
see black hole radiation; early
universe; inflation; higher-order
gravity.
> Specific issues and topics:
see Correspondence
Principle; entropy bound; observables;
Parity [violation]; quantum
computing.
> Effects and applications
in various areas:
see cosmology and gravitation, photons and matter; lorentzian
geometry [analogs].
Main page – Abbreviations – Journals – Comments – Other
sites – Acknowledgements
Send feedback and suggestions to bombelli at olemiss.edu – Modified
19 jul 2008