Black-Hole (Equilibrium) Thermodynamics| Black-Hole (Equilibrium) Thermodynamics |
In General > s.a. laws of black-hole thermodynamics;
black-hole entropy and radiation; 2D
gravity; horizons [including local temperature].
* Idea: The laws of black-hole
mechanics have a thermodynamical interpretation if we identify the entropy as
S ~ A/4 and the temperature
TH = \(\hbar\)κ/2πck , (= \(\hbar c^3/8\pi GMk\) for a Schwarzschild black hole, or (d−3)\(\hbar\)c/4πkrS in d dimensions) ,
where κ is the classically calculated surface gravity of the
black hole; TH is negligible
for M ~ MSun.
* Development: Black-hole thermodynamics
started as a formal analogy between the laws of black-hole dynamics and those of thermodynamics;
1973, Real black-hole thermodynamics initially seemed like a crazy idea, because classically S
= ∞ and T = 0, until Hawking discovered the concept of black-hole radiation.
* Equilibrium: Only non-rotating,
neutral black holes can be in (unstable) equilibrium with thermal radiation;
> s.a. perturbations [stability].
@ Early work: Hawking PRL(71),
in(73),
& Hartle CMP(72);
Bekenstein PRD(73);
Bardeen et al CMP(73).
Quantum Black Holes > s.a. gravitational thermodynamics;
quantum black holes [entropy, ...]; semiclassical quantum gravity;
asymptotic safety.
@ General references: Kuchař PRD(94)gq;
Ashtekar & Krasnov gq/98-fs;
Obregón & Ryan MPLA(98)
[lP-size];
Wu & Cai gq/99 [quantum laws];
Bekenstein in(02)gq/01 [info];
Singh & Vaz GRG(04);
Moretti & Pinamonti Ent(10)gq/05;
Nozari & Sefiedgar PLB(06)gq [comparison of approaches];
Husain & Mann CQG(09)-a0812 [quantum-gravity effects near Planck scale].
@ Special types:
Kowalski-Glikman PLA(98)gq [asymptotically-AdS];
Vaz & Witten PRD(01)gq [from collapse];
Nozari & Mehdipour IJMPA(06)gq/05 [in large extra dimensions, from gup];
Tawfik JCAP(13)-a1307 [from gup, and Salecker-Wigner inequalities];
Gorji et al PLB(14)-a1312 [Schwarzschild black hole, polymer quantization].
@ Related topics: Fursaev MPLA(95) [and renormalization];
Ellis et al MPLA(97)gq/96 [decoherence];
Scharf NCB(98)gq/97 [microcanonical].
References > s.a. gravitational thermodynamics and
specific types of black holes [including other theories of gravity].
@ Reviews: Davies RPP(78);
Bekenstein PT(80)jan;
Fulling & Ruijsenaars PRP(87);
Wald 94,
gq/97-proc,
CQG(99)gq,
LRR(01)gq/99;
Jacobson gq/98-MG8;
Bekenstein SHPMP(01)gq/00;
Wald LRR(01);
Page NJP(05)ht/04;
Marolf ht/04-GR17 [and entropy bounds];
Ross ht/05-ln;
Carlip LNP(09)-a0807;
Grumiller et al a1402-in;
Carlip IJMPD(14)-a1410;
Wallace a1710,
a1710,
Wall a1804-nPhys [introductory];
Wald a1805-in [Bekenstein's work];
Sarkar GRG(19)-a1905.
@ General references: Hayward PRD(94)gq/93,
PRL(98)gq;
Sorkin gq/97-in;
Mukohyama PhD(98)gq;
Jacobson & Parentani FP(03)gq [general horizons];
Hegyi IJMPD(09)-a0904-GRF;
Sivaram & Kenath IJMPD(09)-a0905-GRF;
Fatibene et al a1205-proc;
Modak PhD(12)-a1209 [semiclassical approaches];
Falls & Litim PRD(14)-a1212 [from largest to smallest masses];
Giddings PRD(13)-a1308 [basic features of black-hole statistical mechanics];
Curiel a1408 [classical basis];
in Gruber a1601-MG14 [in finite time];
Pradhan AHEP(16)-a1603 [thermodynamic product relations];
Ruppeiner Ent(18)-a1803;
Robson et al PRD(19)-a1810 [topological nature of temperature];
Callender interview Quant(19)sep [has the analogy been taken too far?].
@ Microcanonical description:
Casadio et al gq/97-MG8;
Huang PRD(00)ht [Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordström];
Casadio & Harms Ent(11)-a1101.
@ Enthalpic thermodynamics:
Cvetič et al PRD(11)-a1012 [black-hole enthalpy];
Dolan CQG(11)-a1106 [mass as enthalpy, pressure and volume, virial expansion];
Lemos & Zaslavskii a1806 [cosmological constant as independent variable];
Kastor et al CQG(19)-a1807 [mass as enthalpy, and scalar fields].
@ Other approaches: Whiting & York PRL(88);
Nieuwenhuizen PRL(98)
[Tbh ≠ Tbath];
Belgiorno PLA(03)gq/02 [Carathéodory's];
Kiefer CQG(04) [and quasinormal modes];
Camblong & Ordóñez PRD(05)ht/04 [near-horizon conformal invariance];
Carlip PRL(07)gq [horizon constraints and conformal field theory];
Tian & Wu PRD(10) [from equipartition of energy and holography];
Pollock IJMPD(11) [from the Wheeler-DeWitt equation];
Thomson & Dyer a1203 [angular-velocity ensemble];
Quevedo et al PS(14)-a1304 [dependence on the choice of statistical ensemble];
Asin et al PRD(15)-a1412 [as gases of indistinguishable punctures with a chemical potential];
An et al JHEP(16)-a1602 [variational];
Krishnan et al JHEP(16)-a1609 [from path integral with Neumann boundary conditions];
Saha et al a2004 [entanglement thermodynamics];
> s.a. modified thermodynamics.
@ Thermal equilibrium:
Gibbons & Perry PRL(76),
PRS(78);
Loustó IJMPD(97)gq/96 [heat capacity, free energy].
@ Irreversibility: Zurek PRL(82),
Page PRL(83) [of evaporation];
Hod PRD(99)gq [of capture process].
Related Topics > s.a. critical phenomena;
quasilocal general relativity; specific heat.
@ Area as adiabatic invariant:
Bekenstein in(99)gq/98,
in(00)gq/98;
Mayo PRD(98)gq.
@ And information theory:
Hosoya et al PRD(01);
Bekenstein & Mayo GRG(01)gq-GRF;
> s.a. black holes and information.
@ And Ruppeiner theory:
Åman et al JPCS(07)gq/06;
Mirza & Zamaninasab JHEP(07) [Reissner-Nordström black holes];
Tiwari a0801;
Ruppeiner PRD(08)-a0802 [Kerr-Newman black holes];
Åman & Pidokrajt JPCS(10)-a1001 [and critical phenomena];
Anderson GRG(13)-a1206 [blockwise simplification for Kerr-Newman black hole];
Ruppeiner a1309-conf [rev].
@ Other geometry on state space: Åman et al GRG(06) [information geometry];
Quevedo GRG(08)-a0704-fs;
Álvarez et al PRD(08)-a0801 [Legendre-invariant metric and phase transitions];
Tiwari a0801 [quantum corrections];
Janke et al JPA(10)-a1005 [various metrics, Kehagias-Sfetsos black hole];
Liu et al JHEP(10)-a1008 [metric based on the Hessian matrix of the free energy];
García-Ariza et al Ent(14)-a1407 [meaning];
Åman et al Ent(15)-a1507 [survey of thermodynamic metrics];
Hendi et al EPJC(15)-a1506 [new metric];
Gruber et al a1603-MG14 [session summary];
> s.a. 3D black holes and specific types
of black holes [geometrothermodynamics]; Weinhold Metric.
@ With gup: Amelino-Camelia et al CQG(06)gq/05 [and modified dispersion];
Myung et al PLB(07)gq/06;
Nouicer PLB(07)-a0704 [corrections from gup];
Bina et al PRD(10)-a1001;
Gangopadhyay IJTP(16)-a1405;
Dutta & Gangopadhyay IJTP(16)-a1408 [symmetric gup];
> s.a. gup phenomenology.
@ Phase transitions: Davies PRS(77) [Kerr];
Sokołowski & Mazur JPA(80);
Lau PLA(94) [Reissner-Nordström],
PLA(94) [Kerr-Newman];
Loustó GRG(95) [and 2D description];
Cai JKPS(98)gq/99-conf [extremal limit];
Huang & Lau PLA(99) [Kerr-Newman];
Stephens & Hu IJTP(01);
Surya et al PRL(01)ht [Anti-de Sitter];
Carlip & Vaidya CQG(03)gq [charged black hole in cavity];
Jing & Pan PLB(08)-a0802 [Reissner-Nordström, and quasinormal modes];
Berti & Cardoso PRD(08)-a0802 [and quasinormal modes];
Sahay et al JHEP(10)-a1002 [Kerr-Newman-AdS];
Sahay et al JHEP(10),
Banerjee et al PRD(11)-a1005 [Kerr-AdS];
Biswas & Chakraborty ASS(11)-a1104 [for 5D Einstein-Yang-Mills-Gauss-Bonnet black holes];
Banerjee et al JHEP(12)
[in AdS space, and fundamental concepts of thermodynamics];
Altamirano et al a1401-Gal [rotating black holes and black rings];
Roychowdhury PhD-a1403 [in AdS space];
Mandal et al PRD(16)-a1608 [universality];
Chen et al NPB(19)-a1812 [via Ruppeiner geometry];
> s.a. black-hole hair; quantum phase transitions;
reissner-nordström black holes.
@ With quantum fields: York gq/93;
Hochberg gq/95-talk;
Zaslavskii PRD(98)gq/97 [extreme limit].
@ Other topics:
Candelas & Sciama PRL(77) [fluctuations and dissipation];
Balbinot & Barletta CQG(89) [back-reaction];
Garfinkle & Landsberg GRG(89) [work];
Brown et al PRL(91) [and complex geometry];
Teitelboim PRD(96)ht/95 [surface fields];
Ruppeiner PRD(07) [fluctuations];
Kubizňák & Mann a1404-GRF,
Kubizňák et al CQG(17)-a1608 [black-hole chemistry, and new phases];
Rojas a1906-th [with scalar fields].
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