Cosmological-Constant Phenomenology| Cosmological-Constant Phenomenology |
Measurements and Observation > s.a. black-hole radiation;
cosmological models; dark energy;
quintessence.
* Value: The universe appears to have a positive cosmological
constant; From small clusters of galaxies, |ρvacuum| = |Λ|
/ 8π < 10−57 cm−2;
From the fact that the radius of curvature of the observable universe is basically infinite,
Λ < 10−122
lP−2;
From 2001 cosmological model, 2.036 × 10−35
s−2; 2003, WMAP results indicate Λ
= LU−2,
LU = 2.85 ± 0.25 Mpc, or equivalent amount of dark energy.
@ Measurement: Phillips MNRAS(94);
Balaguera-Antolínez et al IJMPD(05)gq/04 [astrophysical bounds];
Vanderveld et al PRD(07)-a0706,
Romano & Chen IJMPD(11)-a1208-GRF,
EPJC(14)-a1207 [apparent vs true value, and corrections from inhomogeneities];
Chiba & Nakamura PTP(07)-a0708 [null test];
Cerdonio a1807 [bare cosmological constant].
@ And lensing:
Kochanek ApJ(96)ap/95 [Λ < 0.66, flat cosmology];
Cheng & Krauss IJMPA(00)ap/98 [0.25 < Λ < 0.55, flat cosmology].
@ And cosmology: in Visser 95 [geometry];
Krauss ApJ(97)ap/96 [Λ < 0],
ApJ(98)ap/97,
AIP(98)hp [age of galaxies];
Ishak et al MNRAS(08)-a0710 [lensing];
Klinkhamer PRD(12)-a1107 [cosmological-constant canceling and inflation];
Zwane et al a1703 [everpresent Λ].
@ And other astronomy: Sereno & Jetzer PRD(06)ap [solar and stellar systems];
Iorio IJMPD(06),
AiA(08)-a0710 [solar system];
Erni & Tammann ap/06 [nearby supernovas];
Jetzer & Sereno NCB(07)-a0711-proc [solar system].
@ The case for non-zero cosmological constant:
Efstathiou et al Nat(90)dec;
Krisciunas JRASC(93)ap;
Krauss & Turner GRG(95);
Ostriker & Steinhardt Nat(95)oct;
Roos & Harun-or-Rashid A&A(98)ap/97;
Neupane gq/98;
Zehavi & Dekel Nat(99)ap;
Frampton ap/99-conf;
Lineweaver ap/99 [obs];
Mannheim ap/99-TX20,
ap/99-proc,
ApJ(01)ap/99 [conformal gravity];
Carmeli & Kuzmenko AIP(01)ap,
IJTP(02)ap/01 [cosmological model];
Trotta et al PRD(03)ap/02 [Bayesian vs frequentist];
Böhmer ap/05-wd;
Lee JKPS(13)-a1003 [from the holographic principle];
Frampton MPLA(13)-a1205 [of value < 10−124, in Planck units];
Padmanabhan a1210.
Consequences of Non-Zero Cosmological Constant
> s.a. cosmological acceleration.
* Cosmological acceleration:
In Einstein's equation a cosmological constant can be seen as a contribution to
the energy-momentum tensor, representing a constant energy and pressure (of the
opposite sign) and driving the acceleration of the cosmological expansion.
@ General references: Cohn ASS(98)ap;
Axenides et al MPLA(00)ap [modified motion];
Banks ht/00,
GRG(03)ht [supersymmetry breaking];
Miguel & Pereira IJMPD(01)gq/00 [speed of light];
Dyson et al JHEP(02)ht [and holography];
Böhmer & Harko PLB(05) [minimum mass];
Balaguera-Antolinez et al CQG(06)gq/95;
Nowakowski & Balaguera-Antolinez AIP(06)ap [in astrophysics];
Dolan MPLA(15)-a1408 [thermodynamic interpretation, as pressure];
Ashtekar a1706-RPP [rev].
@ Galaxies: Whitehouse & Kraniotis ap/99 [rotation curves];
Peirani & De Freitas A&A(08)-a0806 [groups];
Barnes et al MNRAS(18),
Salcido et al MNRAS(18) [formation, simulations].
@ Cosmological acceleration:
Giulini & Straumann ap/00;
Zunckel & Clarkson PRL(08) [consistency tests];
Bianchi & Rovelli a1002,
Triay a1004-conf [in favor];
Linder PRD(10);
Frampton & Ludwick EPJC(11)-a1103 [how to observationally distinguish];
Shafieloo NPPS(14)-1401.
@ And quantum gravity:
Dvali & Gómez a1412
[inconsistency of a positive cosmological constant].
> Gravitational effects: see gravitational
phenomenology [PN]; propagation of gravitational waves;
tests of general relativity.
> Other effects: see energy [virial theorem];
galaxy distribution.
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