Types of Gravitational Lensing| Types of Gravitational Lensing |
Microlensing > s.a. cosmic-string phenomenology;
dark matter and dark-matter
types [MACHOs]; extrasolar systems [planets].
* Idea: Gravitational lensing by
small objects such as planets; Gives very small image separation (< 1 mas)
but brighter images.
* Applications: It has been used to
search for MACHOs and exoplanets (one tends to find more outer planets than with Doppler
shifts or transits, the presence of a bright star not needed, and one can measure the
mass without seeing the planet); It provides a way to measure the mass (and spectra)
of isolated stars.
* History: 1936, Paper by Einstein &
R W Mandl (Czech engineer who prodded him); 1964, Liebes PP,
Refsdal MNRAS; 1986, Paczyński proposed use for dark matter
detection; 1998, 1-m telescopes start looking; 1999, Planet around a binary system found with it.
@ Reviews, intros:
Paczyński & Wambsganss PW(93)may;
Evans ap/96-proc;
Gould ap/96-conf,
ASP-ap/00;
Roulet & Mollerach PRP(97);
Mao ap/99-conf;
Paczyński ASP-ap/99;
Sackett ASP-ap/00;
Evans ap/03-in;
Paczyński ap/03 [and future];
Rattenbury MPLA(06) [planetary];
Zakharov ap/06-ln;
Gould a0803-conf;
Mao a0811-conf;
Moniez GRG(10)-a1001;
Bozza et al ed-a1102;
Mao RAA(12)-a1207 [astrophysical applications];
Jetzer a1304-proc;
Rahvar IJMPD(15)-a1503.
@ Theory, formalism: Gould ApJ(00)ap;
Asada ApJ(02)ap [perturbative];
Petters et al JMP(09)-a0807,
JMP(09) [stochastic];
Gould a1312/ApJ [effective timescale];
Nucita et al IJMPD(17)-a1705 [astrometric microlensing].
@ Of gravitational waves: Bar-Kana PRD(96)ap [limits on background];
De Paolis et al A&A(01)ap/00;
Smith et al MNRAS(18)-a1707 [and the 2015 detections].
@ By cosmic strings: Kuijken et al MNRAS(08)-a0707;
Bloomfield & Chernoff PRD(14)-a1311 [cosmic-string loops].
@ Related topics:
Gould ap/96-conf [imaging binaries, quasars];
Jetzer HPA(96)ap,
ap/97-MG8 [dark matter search];
MACHO collab ap/97-proc [data];
Paczyński ApJL(98)ap/97 [SIM plans];
Han et al MNRAS(00)ap/99,
ApJ(04)ap/03 [free-floating planets];
Smith et al MNRAS(03)ap/02 [acceleration and parallax effects];
Jetzer a1001-MG12,
a1304-MG13 [by galactic globular clusters];
Gaudi a1002-ch [by exoplanets];
Carlip a1505 [by vacuum fluctuations?];
Gould JKAS(16)-a1603 [by Kuiper, Oort, and free-floating planets];
Mavromatos & Papavassiliou EPJC(18)-a1712 [global monopoles].
Weak Lensing
> s.a. cosmological tests; neutrino astrophysics.
* Idea: Gravitational
lensing that produces a small distorsion in images of background galaxies;
It cannot be recognized as lensing on the basis of a single galaxy image, but
one uses the statistical properties of many galaxies in a region of the sky.
* Surveys: Weak lensing surveys
look for cosmic shear and mostly probe the dark matter distribution; 2018, Results
from the first year of Dark Energy Survey data show that weak lensing can probe
cosmological parameters with a precision comparable to that of cosmic microwave
background observations.
@ General references:
Bartelmann & Schneider PRP(01);
Mellier & van Waerbeke CQG(02)in;
Hoekstra a1312-ln;
Alsing et al MNRAS(15)-a1410;
Clarkson JCAP(15)-a1503 [general theory, distortions];
Bartelmann & Maturi a1612-en [rev];
Slosar Phy(18) [rev of survey results].
@ In various gravity theories: Acquaviva et al PRD(04)ap,
IAU(04)ap;
Song & Doré JCAP(09) [test of general relativity vs f(R) theories];
Hearin & Zentner JCAP(09) [gravity tests and galaxy-formation physics];
Horváth et al PRD(13) [in fourth-order gravity];
Higuchi & Shirasaki MNRAS(16)-a1603 [f(R) gravity].
@ And cmb: Hanson et al GRG(10)-a0911,
Merkel & Schäfer MNRAS(11)-a1007 [lensing of cmb];
news pt(11)aug [lensing];
Madhavacheril et al PRL(15)
+ Stompor Phy(15)apr [by dark-matter halos];
Lee a1510 [cross-correlation];
Marozzi et al JCAP(16)-a1605 [beyond the Born approximation].
@ In cosmology: Massey et al ap/04-conf [dark matter and dark energy];
Munshi et al PRP(08),
Hoekstra & Jain ARNPS(08)-a0805 [rev];
Song & Doré JCAP(09)-a0812 [and redshift surveys];
Kainulainen & Marra PRD(09)-a0909 [cumulative, stochastic approach];
Jullo et al MNRAS(14)-a1309 [and galaxy-cluster reconstruction];
Mandelbaum IAU(15)-a1410 [galaxy halo masses];
Fleury et al JCAP(15)-a1508,
Fleury a1511-PhD [stochastic];
Ammazzalorso et al PRL(20) [cross-correlation with γ rays, and dark matter distribution].
Types of Spacetimes > see cosmic-string phenomenology; lensing in specific models.
main page
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send feedback and suggestions to bombelli at olemiss.edu – modified 9 mar 2020