In General > s.a. physics [ultimate theories]; quantum
locality.
* Idea: Scientific realism
is a view about things, events, processes, that are unobservable either because
they are tiny or because they are past; More specifically, in quantum mechanics
it is the view that physical objects have properties that exist even before
they
are measured.
@ General references: Rohrlich FP(96);
Schmelzer gq/97;
Isham & Butterfield IJTP(98)
[presheaf loophole]; Matzkin EJP(02)qp;
Grangier qp/03 [and
holism]; Wilholt SHPMP(08)
[XIX debates over atomism]; Singh a0805-in
[history]; Sánchez-Guillén & Vázquez a0903 [realist
world view].
@ Arguments re local realism: Caser PLA(84)
[condition]; Hoffmann FP(90);
Bernstein FP(99)
[against, simplified GHZ]; Santos qp/01, SHPMP(05)
[pro]; Lan IJTP(08)qp/03 [EPR,
pro], IJTP(08)qp/03 [superpositions
and mixtures], JRLR(05)qp/03 [GHZ,
pro]; Adenier AJP(08)feb-a0705 [re
Mermin's argument].
@ Elements of reality: Peres FP(92);
Marchildon FP(08)-a0802 [Lorentz-invariant].
@ Philosophical: Psillos BJPS(00)
[status]; Turner SHPS(04)
[abductive arguments]; McMullin PhSc(03)jul
[van Fraassen's], response van Fraassen PhSc(03)jul;
Lyons BJPS(06)
[and
dividing systems into constituents]; Stanford BJPS(09)
[the problem of unconceived alternatives]; > s.a. philosophy
of science.
In Quantum Theory > s.a. classical
limit; foundations;
hidden variables;
histories in quantum mechanics; relationship
with classical mechanics.
* The problem: Local
realism is untenable, because the Kochen-Specker theorem asserts the impossibility
of assigning values to quantum observables
(hidden variables) in a way that preserves functional relations between them
(unless the state space is 2D).
* Loopholes, way out:
One question is whether one can formulate a non-local, contextual, holistic
one (see Bell's theorem); It has been claimed that
realistic
interpretations are wrong because some predictions derived from a
mixture are
different from the corresponding ones derived from a superposition
state [but @ see Lan IJTP(08)qp/03];
Then there is the failure of Bell's theorem for Clifford algebra-based local
variables.
* Tests: It has been
argued that local realism can be tested by considering electroweak CP-violation
parameters values in neutral pseudoscalar meson (K0) systems.
@ General references: in von Neumann 55; Gleason JMM(65);
Bell RMP(66);
Van der Merwe et al ed-88; d'Espagnat FP(90),
qp/98;
Home & Selleri JPA(91)
[and kaon physics]; Reid PRA(00)qp, PRL(00)qp, qp/01 [and
macroscopic fluctuations]; Dieks FP(05)
[possibilities]; Belousek FP(05)
[underdetermination in quantum mechanics]; Giuliani NCB(07)qp/05;
Norsen FP(07)qp/06 [against
the phrase 'local realism']; Stairs & Bub FP(06)
[points of view and apparent conflicts]; Accardi & Khrennikov qp/06-in
[adaptive realism]; Vernette & Caponigro qp/06 ["physical
quantity" and "physical
reality"]; Gomatam a0708 [connection
with observations]; Leggett RPP(08)
[basically impossible to maintain]; Wechsler a0903 [and non-locality].
@ Realism is tenable: Burgos FP(87)
[in defense of realism]; Hájícek & Tolar a0802 [quantum
mechanics does not contradict philosophical realism]; Laudisa FP-a0811 [non-local].
@ Realism vs locality: Heywood & Redhead FP(83)
[impossibility of reconciling];
Chiao & Garrison FP(99)qp/98;
Chen & Zhu a0711 [vs
locality]; Jeong et al PRL(09)-a0806;
Gisin a0901.
@ Hardy's theorem: Clifton
& Niemann PLA(92)
[and entangled spin-s particles]; Pagonis & Clifton PLA(92)
[n spin-1/2 particles]; > s.a. relativistic
quantum mechanics.
@ And measurement: Leggett & Garg PRL(85);
Ballentine PRL(87),
comment Leggett & Garg PRL(87); Percival & Garraway PLA(07)-a0706.
@ Other loopholes: Kracklauer qp/98 [abandon
projection postulate]; Hess & Philipp
PNAS(01)
[time-correlated], comment Gill et al PNAS(02),
Suarez qp/02;
Malley PRA(04)qp [observables
must commute]; Christian qp/07,
qp/07, a0707 [Clifford
algebra-based variables].
@ Tests: Genovese EPJC(05)qp [using
CP-violation parameters]; Gröblacher et al Nat(07)-a0704 +
pw(07)apr
[non-local]; Suarez a0708 [non-local
realism and before-before experiment]; Wilms et al PRA(08)
[minimum detector efficiency to see violation].
@ Related topics: Bohm & Hiley PRL(85)
[in pilot-wave interpretation];
Miller PLA(96)
[and t symmetry]; Vaidman FP(99)qp/98 [GHZ
proof]; Nagata et al PRL(04)
[constraints from rotational invariance]; Nagata JPSJ-a0705 [local
realism and single
qubit]; Stairs & Bub SHPMP(07)
[and commutativity]; Morgan a0810 [random
classical fields vs quantum fields]; Le Bihan SHPMP(09)
[Bell inequalities and
Fine's theorem].
In Other Areas of Physics > s.a. Ether.
@ Macroscopic objects: Reid & Deuar AP(98);
Mohrhoff IJQI(04)qp [and
spacetime].
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aug 2009