Phenomenology of Black-Hole Radiation| Phenomenology of Black-Hole Radiation |
Effects / Properties of Evaporating Black Holes and Emitted Radiation
> s.a. black holes and information; entropy bounds [hyperentropic].
* Nature of radiation:
Quanta of all fields that couple to the geometry and to any charges the black
hole may have are radiated; In 4D, for T greater than all particle
masses, and using standard model parameters, Page estimated that 1.8% of the energy
is radiated in scalar particles, 88% in fermions, 9.8% in vectors, and 0.1% in
gravitons; In higher dimensions, the gravitational contribution increases.
* Spectrum: Various authors have
proposed that it is not exactly thermal, due to (i) Frequency-dependent greybody
factors in the potential barrier, (ii) Dynamical nature of black-hole background and
energy conservation, back-reaction, in the tunneling approach, or (iii) Quantum correlations.
@ Properties of evaporating black holes:
Lesourd a1808 [causal structure].
@ Rates and spectra: Page PRD(76),
PRD(76);
Page & Hawking AJ(76);
Daghigh & Lapusta PRD(06) [microscopic black holes, p and anti-p];
Boonserm & Visser PRD(08)-a0806 [bounds on greybody factors];
Greenwood & Stojković JHEP(09) [as seen by infalling observers];
Gray et al CQG(16)-a1506 [average flux];
Arbey & Auffinger a1905 [numerical, BlackHawk];
> s.a. Greybody Factor.
@ Stimulated emission:
Bekenstein & Meisels PRD(77);
Panangaden & Wald PRD(77).
@ Entropy, density matrix: Bekenstein PRD(75);
Kundt Nat(76)jan;
Page JCAP(13)-a1301 [time dependence];
Alberte et al JHEP(15)-a1502 [in different models for radiation];
Alonso-Serrano & Visser a1512 [entropy/information flux];
Almheiri et al a2006.
@ Back-reaction: Balbinot CQG(84);
York in(84);
Balbinot & Barletta CQG(89);
Kraus PhD(95)gq;
Zaidi & Gegenberg PRD(98)gq/97;
Massar & Parentani gq/98,
NPB(00)gq/99;
Hu et al in(98)gq/99;
Fabbri et al GRG(01)gq/01,
NPB(02)ht/01 [and information paradox];
Ring ht/05 [evaporation rate suppression];
Vilkovisky PLB(06);
Maia & Schützhold PRD(07) [toy model];
Taves & Kunstatter PRD(14)-a1408 [non-singular (quantum corrected) model];
Chowdhury & Krauss a1409/PRL [and black-hole formation, horizon];
Mersini-Houghton & Pfeiffer a1409 [fireworks instead of firewalls].
@ Related topics: Bianchi & Smerlak GRG(14)-a1405 [last gasp, negative energy burst];
Ellis et al PRD(14)-a1407 [consequences, in a cosmological context];
Düztaş & Semiz GRG(16)-a1508 [evaporation as a cosmic censor];
Smith & Mann CQG(14)
& CQG+(14) [and black-hole internal topological structure];
> s.a. black holes and information [endpoint, remnant]; black-hole types;
dark-energy models; entanglement;
equivalence principle; gravitational instantons.
Different Approaches and Situations
> s.a. black holes in higher dimensions and modified
theories [2D]; horizons [universal]; kerr-newman solutions.
@ And path-integral quantum gravity:
Hartle & Hawking PRD(76);
York & Schmekel PRD(05).
@ And loop quantum gravity: Ashtekar & Bojowald CQG(05)gq [dynamical horizons];
Díaz-Polo & Fernández-Borja CQG(08)-a0706 [isolated horizons].
@ Tunneling approach: Berezin et al G&C(99)gq/06;
Parikh & Wilczek PRL(00)ht/99;
Parikh GRG(04)ht-GRF;
Angheben et al JHEP(05) [extremal and rotating];
Medved & Vagenas MPLA(05)gq;
Arzano et al JHEP(05)ht;
Liu gq/05;
Jiang et al PRD(06)ht/05 [rotating];
Ren et al GRG(06) [with topological defects];
Hu et al gq/06 [and laws of black-hole dynamics];
Kerner & Mann PRD(06)gq [Taub-NUT];
Wu & Jiang JHEP(06) [BTZ black holes];
Pilling PLB(08)-a0709 [and the first law];
Banerjee & Majhi JHEP(08) [beyond the semiclassical approximation];
Stotyn et al CQG(09)-a0811 [coordinate-free formulation];
Yale PLB(11)-a1012 [scalars, fermions and bosons];
Vanzo et al CQG(11) [rev];
Torres et al PLB(13)-a1308;
> s.a. thermodynamics of specific solutions [Reissner-Nordström].
@ Collapsing object: Greenwood et al JCAP(11)-a1011 [collapsing shell];
Saini & Stojković PRL(15)-a1503 [radiation process is unitary];
Kawai & Yokokura PRD(16)-a1509 [matter shell collapsing on an evaporating black hole].
@ Computational: Corley & Jacobson PRD(98)ht/97 [lattice];
Arraut EPL(18)-a1901 [neural networks];
Auffinger & Arbey a2012-proc [BlackHawk code].
@ Other derivations / models:
Gerlach PRD(76) [incipient black hole];
Lapedes PRD(78) [euclidean formalism];
Kraus & Wilczek MPLA(94);
Parentani & Piran PRL(94)ht;
Scardigli NCB(95)gq/02;
Visser IJMPD(03)ht/01 [essential features];
Melnikov & Weinstein ht/01,
Weinstein NPPS(02)gq/01,
ht/02-conf [Hamiltonian];
Canfora & Vilasi gq/03 [and trace anomaly];
Kiefer CQG(04)gq [and quasi-normal modes];
Yu & Zhang PRD(08)-a0806 [as open quantum system];
Peltola CQG(09)-a0807 [local approach];
Bhattacharya CQG(10)-a0911 [complex path analysis];
Gillani et al JCAP(11) [accelerating and rotating black holes];
Smerlak & Singh PRD(13)-a1304;
Pejhan & Rahbardehghan IJMPA(16)-a1408 [Krein quantization approach];
Senovilla & Torres CQG(15)-a1409 [from marginally trapped surfaces];
Israel a1504 [Boulware accretion as alternative scenario];
Robertson & Parentani PRD(15)-a1506 [dissipative field theories].
@ Gravitational anomalies approach:
Robinson & Wilczek PRL(05)gq;
Das et al IJMPD(08)-a0705;
Chen & He CQG(08)-a0705;
Banerjee & Kulkarni PRD(08)-a0707;
Peng & Wu a0708-wd [counterexample];
Wu et al CQG(08)-a0803;
Akhmedova et al PLB(09)-a0808 [comment];
Banerjee IJMPD(09)-a0807 [GRF];
Morita PLB(09) [2D conformal field theory method];
Li et al CQG(10)-a1005 [fermions and 3D black holes];
> s.a. black-hole analogs; equivalence principle [violation].
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