Molecular Physics

In General
* Fullerenes: They contain at lwast 60 C atoms; C₆₀ is Buckminsterfullerene, a.k.a. Bucky ball, named after Buckminster Fuller, who invented the geodesic dome; Also the (Sylvester graph of the) non-abelian group G₆₀.
* Applications: Some contain atoms inside, like ³He, that identify them as extrasolar.
@ Books: Debye 29 [polar molecules]; Emsley 99 [I]; Dahl 01; Rowlinson 05 [forces]; Haw 06.
@ History: Esposito & Naddeo a1306 [Majorana, homopolar molecules and the exchange interaction]; Svidzinsky et al PT(14)jan [Bohr's model]; > s.a. history of physics.
@ Forces: Feynman PR(39) [forces inside molecules]; Stone 13 [intermolecular forces].
@ Dynamics: Liu PRP(14) [relativistic molecular quantum mechanics]; Brechet et al a1412 [rigorous quantum description of molecular dynamics, rotations and vibrations]; Zak X-a1601 [normal modes, comprehensive description]; Koch et al a1810 [quantum control of molecular rotation].
@ Diatomic molecules: Sindelka & Moiseyev qp/06 [in an external electromagnetic field]; DeMille PT(15)dec [as windows onto fundamental physics].
@ Special molecules: Chung & Sternberg AS(93) [buckminsterfullerene]; Gelbart et al PT(00)sep [DNA]; Xie et al Sci(04)apr + pw(04)apr [C₅₀]; Popovas & Jørgensen A&A(16)-a1607 [molecular hydrogen, improved partition function for astrophysics]; Saßmannshausen & Deiglmayr PRL(16) + news pw(16)aug [giant, micron-sized Cs₂ molecules]; Matyus & Cassam-Chenai a2011 [small molecules, emergence of the molecular shape].
@ Ultracold molecular gases: news pn(08)oct; Carr et al NJP(09)-a0904; Jin & Ye PT(11)may.
@ In astrophysics and cosmology: Tielens RMP(13) [rev], Tielens 21; > s.a. astrophysics; extrasolar systems; interstellar matter.
@ Related topics: Bader & Parker PT(01)mar [Loschmidt and molecular sizes]; Pivetta Phy(10) [luminescence of a single molecule]; Bowman & Suits PT(11)nov [roaming reactions]; Carvalho & Souza PhyA(12) [Carati-Galgani model of molecular collisions]; Pavić et al PhyA(13) [maximum entropy principle for rarefied molecular gas]; Cameron & Cotter JPB(18)-a1802 [relativistic properties]; Fernández a1904 [wave function permutation symmetry]; Date & Havenith a2105 [quantum states in magnetic fields].
> Related topics: see composite quantum systems; Lennard-Jones and van der Waals Potential; technology [molecular machines].
> Online resources: see Wikipedia page.

Interferometry > s.a. interference.
* Interferometry: 1999, A Zeilinger et al obtained diffraction of C₆₀ molecules from a grating; 2002, interference of C₇₀ molecules at 900 K observed [@ Brezger et al PRL(02)], which may be useful for decoherence studies; 2011, interference of large organic molecules (more than 400 atoms).
@ General references: Bordé et al PLA(94) [with I₂ molecules]; Hackermüller et al PRL(03) + pw(03)sep; Arndt et al pw(05)mar [rev]; Cronin et al RMP(09)-a0712 [rev]; Venugopalan JSE-a1211.
@ With large molecules: Arndt et al Nat(99)oct + pw(99)oct [C₆₀]; Brezger et al PRL(02) [C₇₀ fullerene]; Nairz et al AJP(03)apr; Gerlich et al nat(11)apr; news pw(12)mar, wired(12)mar; Summy Phy(14); Arndt et al a2101-in [decoherence experiments].
@ And internal molecular states: Hillery et al PRA(05); Gring et al PRA(14)-a1405.

Polymers > s.a. graph theory in physics / regge calculus [polymerized manifolds].
* Examples: Carbyne, a linear chain of C atoms; Dendrimers (molecules that branch off like trees).
* Composite: Blends of two or more components that do not mix, like oil and water, forced into intimate contact to obtain materials combining the best features of both; For example, polystyrene is very brittle on its own, but when rubbery particles are incorporated, it can withstand large impacts; Blending two polymers ordinarily produces a mayonnaise-like mixture or emulsion in which micron-sized droplets of one polymer is distributed or dispersed in a matrix of the other; Mayonnaise contains egg-coated oil droplets dispersed in vinegar.
@ General references: Kholodenko & Vilgis PRP(98) [geometrical and topological problems]; Witten RMP(98) [solutions]; Ladik PRP(99) [as solids]; Vilgis PRP(00) [path integrals and scaling]; Bower 02; Rubinstein & Colby 03.
@ Branched: Bialas PLB(96)hl/95, NPB(00)cm [correlations]; Durhuus & Jonsson MPLA(96)ht; Jurkiewicz & Krzywicki PLB(97)ht/96; Wheater & Correia NPPS(99)hl/98 [spectral dimension]; Ambjørn et al ht/99.
@ Entanglement: Ferrari & Lazzizzera JPA(99)ht/98; Edwards & Müller-Nedebock JPA(99), JPA(99).
@ And statistical mechanics: Ferrari & Lazzizzera NPB(99) [and Chern-Simons theory], ht/99, ht/99; Aoki et al PTP(00)ht/99, PRE(00)ht/99 [branched, scaling]; Giacomin 07 [random polymer models]; Kung 09 [geometry and phase transitions].
@ Meander problem: Harris ht/98; Di Francesco CMP(98), et al NPB(00)cm/99, NPB(00).
@ Colloids, Flexible polymers, etc: de Gennes & Badoz 96.
@ Theoretical molecular chain models: Malyshev & Muzychka TMP(14) [simplest model, phase transition].
@ Related topics: De Kee & Wissbrun PT(98)jun [polymer fluids]; Guitter & Orlandini JPA(99) [knotted]; Ram PRP(14) [molecular fluids, structure and freezing transitions]; > s.a. knots in physics.

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