Dark Energy – Equation of State  

In General > s.a. cosmic topology; cosmological constant.
* Parametrization: Usually parametrized by a perfect-fluid-type form p = , where a cosmological constant corresponds to w = −1.
* 2014: The BOSS collaboration analysis, with complementary cosmological data, yields w = −1.03 ± 0.06.
@ General references: Kujat et al ApJ(02)ap/01; Erickson et al PRL(02); Wasserman PRD(02) [observations and degeneracy]; Dicus & Repko PRD(03)hp/02; Melchiorri et al PRD(03)ap/02; Carroll et al PRD(03)ap; Jiménez NAR(03)ap-in; Saini et al MNRAS(04)ap/03 [Bayesian analysis]; Garriga et al PRD(04)ht/03 [anthropic selection]; Linder ap/03-conf; Linder & Miquel PRD(04)ap [dynamical?]; Jain et al NPB(06)ap/04; Polarski & Ranquet PLB(05)ap; Cardone et al PRD(06) [beyond perfect fluid]; Barger et al PLB(06) [classification of w(a) models]; Ananda & Bruni PRD(06), PRD(06) [non-linear]; Solà JPA(08)-a0710 [remnant from inflation]; Usmani et al MNRAS(08)-a0801; Lee et al MPLA(10)-a0803 [cosmic Hawking radiation]; Barboza & Alcaniz PLB(08)-a0805; de Putter & Linder JCAP(08)-a0808 [calibration relation]; Sloth IJMPD(10)-a1005-GRF [with ultraviolet cutoff]; Lee ASS(14)-a1105 [parametrization]; de Lavallaz & Fairbairn PRD(11)-a1106 [effect of voids]; Valkenburg et al PDU(13)-a1302 [intrinsic uncertainty on its nature]; Hara et PTEP(14)-a1409 [time variation]; Linder PRD(15)-a1501; > s.a. Phantom Divide.
@ Parametrizations: Kao gq/03; Crittenden et al PRL(07)ap; Johri & Rath IJMPD(07); > s.a. dark-energy models.

Phenomenological Constraints > s.a. dark energy and dark matter; expansion [lookback time vs redshift test].
* And matter clustering: If dark energy is not completely homogeneous then the Poisson equation is modified and dark-matter clustering is directly affected; Weak lensing and galaxy redshift surveys can then constrain the sound speed of the dark energy, if the latter is small; 2015, Constraints from the abundance of voids as a function of void radius and redshift.
@ General references: Sarkar et al PRL(08) [multiparameter approach]; Sahni et al PRD(08)-a0807 [two diagnostics]; Unnikrishnan PRD(08) [difficult to determine]; Egan & Lineweaver PRD(08) [and cosmic coincidence]; Clarkson & Zunckel PRL(10)-a1002 [direct reconstruction]; Linder a1004-ch; Sapone et al PRD(10)-a1007 [usefulness of large-scale surveys]; Holsclaw et al PRL(10) + news physorg(10)dec, PRD(10)-a1009 [non-parametric reconstruction]; Vázquez et al JCAP(12)-a1205; Slepian et al MNRAS(14)-a1301 [upcoming observations]; Said et al PRD(13)-a1303 [new constraints for 0 < z < 2].
@ From cmb: Bean & Melchiorri PRD(02)ap/01; Krauss ApJ(03)ap, Bean & Doré PRD(04)ap/03 [WMAP]; Giovi et al PRD(05)ap/04; Hannestad PRD(05)ap [speed of sound]; Gong & Wang PRD(07)ap/06; Alam et al JCAP(07)ap/06 [Gold + HST and SNLS data].
@ From supernova surveys: Dicus & Repko PRD(04)ap; Bento et al PRD(05)ap/04; Ziaeepour ap/06 [indication that w < −1]; Wood-Vasey et al ApJ(07)ap; Serra et al MNRAS(07)ap, Zhao et al PRD(08)-a0712 [preference for cosmological constant]; Salzano et al MPLA(14)-a1211 [test of linearity of equation of state].
@ From galaxy cluster surveys: Angulo et al MNRAS(05)ap [power spectrum]; Khedekar & Majumdar PRD(10) [and SZ effect]; Basilakos et al PRD(10); Bos et al MG13(15)-a1211 [from the shape of cosmic voids]; Anderson et al (BOSS) MNRAS(14)-a1312 [acoustic oscillations in SDSS-III DR10 and DR11]]; Pavlidou et al JCAP(14)-a1401 [stability of cosmic structures]; > s.a. galaxy distribution.
@ Other data: Gaztañaga et al PRL(09)-a0808 [radial baryon acoustic oscillations]; Ding & Croft MNRAS(09)-a0903 [future measurements of quasar parallax]; Stern et al JCAP(10)-a0907, ApJS(10)-a0907 [expansion history from red galaxies]; Enander & Mörtsell PLB(10)-a0910 [accretion onto black holes]; Biswas et al PRD(10)-a1002 [void ellipticity distribution]; Fairbairn a1204 [from gamma rays]; Pen & Zhang PRD(14) [decay]; Hamilton et al Sci(15)aug-a1502 [atom-interferometry constraints]; Escamilla-Rivera & Capozziello a1905 [from cosmography].
@ Combined data: Wang & Tegmark PRL(04); Hannestad & Mörtsell JCAP(04)ap; Doran et al JCAP(05)ap [w < −0.8]; Lazkoz & Majerotto JCAP(07)-a0704 [general relativity favored over brane world]; Zhao & Zhang PRD(10); Tsujikawa ch(14)-a1004 [rev]; Li & Xia JCAP(10)-a1004; Pan et al CQG(10)-a1005; Ilic et al PRD(10); Holsclaw et al PRD(11)-a1104; Bonici & Maggiore a1901.


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