Proposed Explanations of the Cosmological Acceleration| Proposed Explanations of the Cosmological Acceleration |
In General > s.a. acceleration [observations];
dark energy; expansion;
cosmological models; inflation;
relativistic cosmological models.
* Explanations: They include
a cosmological constant, quintessence or other fields (e.g., k-essence),
modified gravity (such as f(R) theories), inhomogeneities
(not ruled out yet despite many arguments against it) and the giant void hypothesis
(violation of the Copernican Principle), semiclassical effects, trans-Planckian
fluctuations, or anti-friction in CDM, and some form of antigravity; Observations
can discriminate between them (for example, a cosmological constant implies
dw/dz = 0, quintessence dw/dz > 0 and
k-essence dw/dz < 0); Another class of explanations is
that some physics (e.g., non-linear electromagnetism) affects the observed
redshift-luminosity relationship we see for a given expansion history.
* Status: 2005, Kolb et al
suggested that the acceleration is due to super-horizon inhomogeneities
from primordial fluctuations; 2006, The consensus seems to be that
inhomogeneity effects may be present, but they are too small; 2007, Model suggests
that inhomogeneities can also partly mimic an acceleration by affecting light
propagation; 2009, Observations are still consistent with a cosmological
constant; 2016, Comparison after Planck 2015, in order of decreasing ability
to explain the observations (Bayesian criteria based on the JLA sample of
type-Ia supernova observations, the Planck 2015 distance priors of cosmic
microwave background, the baryon acoustic oscillations measurements, and the
direct measurement of the Hubble constant):
(1) Cosmological constant model.
(2) Generalized Chaplygin gas model, constant w model, α dark-energy model.
(3) Holographic dark energy model, new generalized Chaplygin gas model, Chevalliear-Polarski-Linder model.
(4) New agegraphic dark energy model, Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati model, Ricci dark energy model.
@ Reviews and general: Carroll AIP(04)ap/03;
Szydłowski et al PLB(06)ap [top 10 models];
Bludman IJMPD(08);
Uzan GRG(07)ap/06;
Silva e Costa & Makler ap/07 [relationships];
Ruíz-Lapuente CQG(07)-a0704;
Frieman et al ARAA(08)-a0803;
Durrer & Maartens in(10)-a0811;
Sami a0901-in;
Caldwell & Kamionkowski ARNPS(09)-a0903;
Silvestri & Trodden RPP(09)-a0904;
Clifton & Ferreira SA(09)apr [giant void];
Brax a0912-ln;
Basilakos PASP-a1001 [constraints];
Induráin PhD(09)-a1002 [as window to new physics];
Park et al PRD(10)-a1003 [unified framework];
Tsujikawa MPLA(10);
Sapone IJMPA(10)-a1006;
Jiménez et al IJMPA(12)-a1107 [effective theory];
Bolotin et al PU(12)-a1108;
Trodden a1212-conf;
Bloomfield et al JCAP(13)-a1211 [effective field theory];
Trodden a1604-proc;
Xu & Zhang EPJC(16)-a1607 [comparison of 10 models after Planck 2015];
Ryan a2104-PhD.
@ And thermodynamics: Radicella & Pavón GRG(12)-a1012;
Easson et al PLB(11) [entropic proposal].
Main proposals:
see cosmological constant; modified gravity [and quantum effects].
Other Proposals > s.a. inhomogeneities [including timescape];
large-scale topology; quintessence;
topological defects; variation of constants.
@ General references: Trentham MNRAS(01)ap [assumptions];
Amendola MNRAS(03)ap/02 [at z > 1];
Rendall LNP(06)gq/04 [accelerating solutions];
Notari MPLA(06)ap/05 [unjustified formulation];
Avelino et al PRD(06)ap [not cosmic domain wall network];
Ortiz IJMPD-a2011.
@ Scalar fields: Rodgers & Yasuda IJMPA(07)ht/06 ["diffeomorphism scalar field"];
Kehagias JPCS(07)ht/06 [non-conventional scalar];
Bieli in(08)ap/06 [non-minimal];
Castro FP(07) [scalar for Weyl invariance];
Bhattacharya et al PRD(10)-a0911 [massless, inhomogeneous].
@ Vector fields, electromagnetism: Novello et al PRD(04)ap/03 [non-linear electromagnetism];
González-Díaz in(06)ht [subquantum cmb photon potential];
Jiménez & Maroto a0807-proc [vector field],
AIP(10)-a0911 [electromagnetic extra mode];
Kruglov PRD(15)-a1601,
IJMPD(16)-a1603,
IJMPA(16)-a1607 [non-linear electromagnetism];
Novello & Hartmann IJMPA(19)-a1903 [non-minimally coupled];
Kruglov IJMPA(20)-a2009 [non-linear electrodynamics].
@ Fluids:
Pinto & Fraga GRG(08) [ordinary fluids];
Gagnon & Lesgourgues JCAP(11)-a1107 [bulk viscosity];
Balthazar & Ferreira PRD(15)-a1407 [from the effective field theory of a perfect fluid].
@ Other fields: Wigmans ap/02-wd [neutrinos],
ap/04/PRL [neutrino degeneracy pressure];
Schwarz ap/02-conf [imperfect CDM];
Holdom JHEP(04)ht [Goldstone ghost];
Beck ap/05-proc [modified standard model, chaos];
Ribas et al PRD(05) [fermions];
Balakin & Dehnen PLB(09)-a0910 [self-interacton];
Grams et al CQG(14)-a1407 [fermions];
Smoller et al a1412 [standard-model instability].
@ Particle interactions: Aldrovandi et al gq/05;
Díez-Tejedor & Feinstein PLA(06);
Steigman et al JCAP(09)-a0812,
Lima et al PRD(12)-a1205 [gravitationally-induced particle creation];
Berezhiani et al PRD(17)-a1612 [coupling between dark and ordinary matter].
@ Other proposals: Goldberg PLB(00) [chiral phase transition];
Zimdahl et al PRD(01)ap/00 [anti-friction];
Beck PRD(04)ap/03 [chaotic quantum field theory];
Oliveira & Hartnett FPL(06)ap [Carmeli's cosmology];
Bonanno et al CQG(06) [crossover phenomenon];
Ne'eman IJMPA(06) ["recoil of the mass-making"];
Hammond & Pilling a0806 [gravitating entropy];
Gough a0906 [star formation];
Temple & Smoller PNAS(09)
+ news seed(09)sep [wave of expansion];
Brown et al JCAP(10)-a0909 [gravitational waves];
Koivisto et al PRD(11)-a1006 [anisotropic curvature];
Obregón & Quirós PRD(11)-a1108 [non-commutative effects];
Ernest a1202-conf ["quantum expansion parameter"];
Shen & Xue a1802 [large-scale Lorentz violation];
> s.a. exotic differentiable structures; fractals in physics;
fractional calculus; holography; K-Essence; tachyons;
topological acceleration.
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