Astronomy  

In General > s.a. astrophysics; cosmology; history of astronomy; orbits [celestial mechanics]; stars.
@ General references: Audouze et al 94 [atlas]; Coles CQG(02)in [extragalactic].
@ Status: NS(90)sep29, 38-42; PW(91)jan, 33; Seery et al ap/98-in; Gilmozzi SA(06)may [future telescopes].
@ Purpose of astronomy: Davoust ViA(95)ap; Bahcall ap/97.
@ I: Harrison 87; Kippenhahn 87; Lightman 92; Bartusiak 93; Pasachoff et al 94 [objects]; Longair 96; Odenwald 03 [astro café].
@ II: Shu 82; Unsoeld & Baschek 83; Friedlander 85; Zeilik 93; Kaufmann 94; Fix 95; Morrison et al 95; Pasachoff 95; Chaisson & McMillan 99; Bennett et al 02; Kutner 03; Roy & Clarke 03 [IIb]; Barbieri 07 [IIb].
@ III: Hoyle 75 [and cosmology]; Shipman 80 [especially black hole and cosmology]; Acker & Jaschek 86.
@ Related topics: AS 78(90)407 [cartoons]; Andernach ap/98-in [internet resources]; Mullane 97 [space travel]; Ifland 98 [celestial navigation]; Lahav ap/01-in [surveys, sociology]; Gaither & Cavazos-Gaither 02 [quotations]; Norris IAU(05)ap [management of data]; Bailey & Slater AJP(05)RL [teaching]; Price et al ap/06 [Slacker Astronomy Podcast]; Forbes a0805 [aspiring professional astronomers]; > s.a. chaos; computation [data management]; gravitating matter.
> Online resources: Heydari-Malayeri ap/07 and Etymological Dictionary.

Observation Methods > s.a. cmb; cosmic rays; gamma ray and neutrino astronomy; gravitational waves.
@ General references: Krisciunas ap/99-in [history]; Bradt 03 [II/III]; Anchordoqui ap/04-in [neutrons, neutrinos, ...].
@ Virtual observatories: Borne ap/00-in, ap/00-in; Djorgovski ap/02-in [and small telescopes], & Williams ap/05-in [rev].
@ Related topics: Lowman & Lester PT(06)nov [observatories on the Moon?].

Radio Astronomy > s.a. universe contents [21-cm background].
* Interferometry: 1998, The precision at wavelengths of about 1 cm is about 1 nrad.
@ References: Begelman et al RMP(84); SA(88)jan [VLBA]; SA(93)jun [radio galaxies]; Verschuur 87; Malphrus 96 [history]; Thompson et al 98 [interferometry]; Sovers et al RMP(98); Andernach ap/98-in [internet resources]; Furlanetto et al PRP(06) [21 cm, high redshift].

Infrared Astronomy > s.a. observational cosmology [cib].
* 1980's: IRAS satellite (NASA).
* 1995: Infrared Space Observatory put into orbit (ESA): 3-200 micron, 10 times the spatial resolution of IRAS, more sensitive.
@ References: NS(95)nov4; Richards & McCreight PT(05)feb [detectors].

Optical Astronomy > s.a. lensing.
* Telescopes: Keck I & II, Mauna Kea, HI; Hubble Space Telescope {Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2}.
* Liquid mirrors: The advantage is that to give them the required parabolic profile all one needs to do is to place them on a spinning platter; The disadvantage is that they can only point straight up.
@ Telescopes: Martin et al PT(91)mar [ground-based]; Roggemann et al RMP(97).
@ Interferometry: Beardsley SA(96)jul; Bedding ap/96-in, ap/00-in; Saha & Morel ap/00/BASI; Hajian & Armstrong SA(01)mar; Saha RMP(02)ap; Haniff & Buscher pw(03)may; Millour a0804.
@ HST: Hoyle Nat(90)apr; Fosbury ap/96-in [future]; Ellis ap/97-in, Ferguson et al ARAA(00)ap [Deep Fields].
@ Adaptive optics: Hardy SA(94)may; Thompson PT(94)dec.
@ Related topics: Hardy PW(94)may, 40 [CCD's]; Cabanac ap/97-in, Borra ap/97-in, ap/01 [liquid mirrors]; Hinz et al Nat(98)sep [starlight nulling]; news Sci(99)jun [future large telescopes]; Gibbs SA(05)dec [mirrors]; Hickson AS(07)may [liquid mirrors].

UV Astronomy
@ Surveys: PW(94)jan, 35; Brosch ap/96-in.
@ Extreme uv: Bowyer SA(94)aug.

X-Ray Astronomy > s.a. astronomical objects; black hole phenomenology; neutron stars.
* History: 1969, First X-ray satellite observatory was Uhuru, launched from Kenya (on the V anniversary of the Kenyan independence, its name means "freedom" in kiswahili); 1999–2000, Major development with the launch of Chandra, which resolved most of the X-ray background into individual sources.
* Sources: One of the intrinsically strongest sources is Cygnus X-3 (irregular, binary, possibly neutron star + companion, T 4.79 hr); An intriguing possibility for a black hole is Cygnus X-1; SS433 is an X-ray binary.
@ Books: Tucker & Giacconi 85 [I]; Charles & Stedward 95.
@ Overviews: Fabian ap/00-in [in cosmology]; Day PT(00)may [status]; Blandford ap/02-in [status]; White ap/02-in [future]; Hasinger ap/02-in [cosmic X-ray background]; Blandford PTRS(02)ap/03.
@ X-ray binaries: Gursky & van den Heuvel SA(75); van den Heuvel & van Paradijs SA(93)nov; Helfand PT(95)nov; Bonnet-Bidaud & Chardin PRP(88) [Cyg X-3].
@ Related topics: van der Klis SA(88)nov [quasi-periodic]; Kouveliotou & van Paradijs AS(97) [X-ray bursts]; Bhardwaj et al ap/02-in [from small solar system objects].


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