|  Modifications and Violations of Lorentz Invariance: Phenomenology | 
 Particle Physics > s.a. anomaly [chiral];
  causal sets; CPT; dirac
  fields; instantons; particle statistics;
  spinning particles.
  * Possibilities: It can by
    expected to lead to violations of causality, locality and unitarity, and
    to modified photon dispersion relations (and also for gravitons and other
    particles), from \(\omega^2 = c^2k^2\) to \(\omega^2 = c^2k^2 + ak^4 + \ldots\).
  @ General references: Bluhm et al PRD(98)hp [Penning traps];
    Cowsik & Sreekantan PLB(99) [bounds];
    Chkareuli et al NPB(01)hp,
    PRL(01)hp [non-observability];
    Amelino-Camelia IJMPD(03)gq
      [lP2 effects on particles];
    Lämmerzahl et al PRD(05)gq [charge non-conservation];
    Cardone et al EmPh(03)ht/05-in [DSR and electron mass];
    Ferreira & Moucherek IJMPA(06)ht [Dirac equation];
    Altarev et al PRL(09) [spin precession of ultracold neutrons];
    Hossenfelder PRL(10)-a1004 [violation of locality];
    Coutant et al PRD(12)-a1111 [impossibility of superluminal travel];
    Liberati ch(13)-a1203-ln [review];
    Liberati & Mattingly a1208-proc [theory and observational constraints];
    Bailey et al PRD(13)-a1309 [limits from Gravity Probe B];
    Blas & Lim IJMPD(14)-a1412 [preferred time direction];
    Sakstein & Solomon PLB(17)-a1705 [baryogenesis].
  @ Statistical mechanics:
    Colladay & McDonald PRD(04);
    Araújo & Reis a2005 [partition function for interacting quantum gases].
  @ Interactions, scattering: Carmona & Cortés PLB(00)hp [T beta-decay];
    Colladay & Kostelecký PLB(01)hp [standard-model cross sections];
    Baccetti et al JHEP(12)-a1111 [kinematical threshold theorems];
    Santos & Khanna IJMPA(18)-a1801 [Bhabha Scattering in gravitoelectromagnetism].
  @ Neutrinos: Blasone et al EPL(05)hp/03 [mixing];
    Battistoni et al PLB(05) [atmospheric, muon production];
    Hooper et al PRD(05)hp [and CPT];
    Grossman et al PRD(05);
    Arias et al PLB(07)hp/06 [oscillations];
    Jacob & Piran nPhys(07)hp/06 [tof measurements];
    Ellis et al PRD(08)-a0805;
    Mattingly et al JCAP(10)-a0911;
    Scully & Stecker APP(11)-a1008 [from ultra-high-energy cosmic rays];
    Lingli & Ma APP(13)-a1109 [speed anomaly];
    Katori MPLA(12) [MiniBooNE neutrino oscillation excesses];
    Maccione et al JCAP(13) [threshold constraints];
    Dai et al EPJC(17)-a1701;
    Huang et al PRD(19)-a1906 [IceCube data, and CPT].
  @ Wave dispersion: Amelino-Camelia et al JCAP(03)ht/02 [in \(\kappa\)-Minkowski];
    Xiao & Ma IJMPA(09);
    Carmona et al CQG(18)-a1702.
  @ Electrodynamics: Kostelecký & Mewes PRL(01)ht,
    PRD(02)hp [vacuum birefringence];
    Vankov & Stanev PLB(02)ap;
    Tobar et al PRD(05)hp/04,
    err PRD(07)hp;
    Altschul PRD(05)ht,
    PRL(06),
    PRD(06)
      [synchrotron radiation, inverse Compton];
    Kostelecký & Mewes PRL(07)ap [and the cmb];
    Altschul PRD(07) [inverse Compton radiation];
    Biteau & Williams ApJ(15)-a1502 [pair-creation threshold];
    de Brito et al PRD(16)-a1605;
    > s.a. modified electrodynamics.
  @ Radiative corrections:
    Arteaga et al IJTP(04);
    Pérez & Sudarsky PRL(03)gq,
    GRG(05) [limits, from dimension-5 operators];
    Crichigno & Vucetich PLB(07)ht/06 [large effects and fine tuning].
  @ Threshold effects:
    Mattingly et al PRD(03);
    Jacobson et al PRD(03)hp/02,
    PRD(03)hp/02;
    Lehnert PRD(03);
    Heyman et al PRD(04)gq/03 [in DSR].
  @ Photons:
    Kaufhold & Klinkhamer NPB(06),
    PRD(07)-a0704 [vacuum Cerenkov radiation];
    Camacho & Macías GRG(07)gq [thermodynamics of photon gas];
    Jacob et al PRD(10)-a1004 [dispersion in relatively boosted frames];
    Alfaro et al IJMPA(10)-a0904 [and CPT, photon mass];
    Shao & Ma MPLA(10);
    Borges et al PLB(16)-a1601 [higher-derivative operators and wave propagation];
    > s.a. quantum-gravity phenomenology;
      wave phenomena [virtual particles and evanescent waves].
Particle Astrophysics > s.a. tests of lorentz violation.
  @ GRBs: Kahniashvili et al PLB(06)ap;
    Kostelecký & Mewes PRL(06)hp [polarization];
    Fermi GBM/LAT a0908;
    Xiao & Ma PRD(09)-a0909;
    Zhang & Ma APP(14)-a1406;
    Ganguly & Desai a1706 [GRB 160625B, critical assessment].
  @ Cosmic and gamma rays:
    González-Mestres ap/96-proc,
    ap/96-conf [superluminal],
    hp/99-conf,
    hp/99-conf,
    AIP(01)ap/00,
    ht/02-conf [deformed group];
    Bertolami NPPS(00)gq,
    & Carvalho PRD(00)gq/99;
    Aloisio et al PRD(00)ap;
    Stecker & Glashow APP(01)ap;
    Amelino-Camelia PLB(02);
    Lieu ApJL(02);
    Stecker APP(03)ap,
    IJMPA(05)ap/04;
    Jacobson et al PRL(04)ap/03 [γs and electrons];
    Gagnon & Moore PRD(04)hp;
    Stecker & Scully APP(05)ap/04 [UHECR];
    Basu & Mattingly CQG(05)ap [non-systematic];
    Galaverni & Sigl PRL(08)-a0708 [only third-order (at least) effects viable];
    Jacob & Piran JCAP(08) [arrival delays];
    Maccione & Liberati JCAP(08)-a0805 [Auger data];
    Bietenholz PRP(11)-a0806 [rev];
    Bi et al PRD(09)-a0812 [ultra-high-energy];
    Maccione et al JCAP(09)-a0902;
    Daniel et CTA Consortium a1501-proc;
    Martínez-Huerta & Pérez-Lorenzana PRD(17)-a1610 [cosmic ray propagation].
  @ Cosmic rays: Coleman & Glashow PRD(99)hp/98 [GZK];
    Stecker & Scully NJP(09)-a0906 [UHECR];
    Saveliev et al JCAP(11)-a1101 [chemical composition];
    Cowsik et al PRD(12)-a1206;
    Aloisio et al a1408-proc.
  @ Gamma rays:
    Laurent et al PRD(11)-a1106
    + news ns(11)jul [and vacuum birefringence].
 Gravitation and Cosmology > s.a. Čerenkov Effect [gravitational]; cosmological acceleration.
  @ Gravitation: Gorbunov & Sibiryakov JHEP(05)ht  [from branes];
    Eling et al PRD(07)ht [violation of generalized second law of black-hole thermodynamics];
    Betschart et al NPB(09)-a0811 [black-hole thermodynamics];
    Bluhm a1302-GR13;
    Barausse & Sotiriou CQG(13)-a1307 [black holes];
    Bailey proc(14)-a1309 [rev];
    > s.a. black-hole radiation; tests of lorentz invariance.
  @ Dark matter: Audren et al JCAP(15)-a1410 [bounds];
    Ivanov a1605-proc [constraints].
  @ Other cosmology: Moffat IJMPD(93)gq/92 [causality problem];
    González-Mestres ap/95,
    NPPS(96)ap [superluminal particles and cosmological evolution];
    Bertolami & Mota PLB(99)gq/98,
    gq/99-conf [string theory and magnetic fields];
    Carroll & Lim PRD(04)ht [slowdown];
    Soda & Kanno gq/06-proc [brane world];
    Khajeh et al PLB(07) [particle creation];
    Avelino et al PRD(09)-a0903 [dynamics of inflation];
    Campanelli et al PLB(09) [primordial magnetic fields];
    Khosravi GRG(11)-a1002 [particle creation];
    Leon et al MPLA(17)-a1611 [cmb polarization];
    Bonder & León PRD(17)-a1704 [cmb anisotropies and inflation].
  @ Perturbations, structure formation: Lim PRD(05)ap/04 [and cmb];
    Li et al PRD(08)-a0709.
  @ Bounds: Gurzadyan et al MPLA(05) [anisotropy of c, cmb];
    Lambiase PRD(05)ap [from nucleosynthesis];
    Kahniashvili et al PRD(08)-a0807 [WMAP];
    Bailey a0911-conf;
    Sfarti MPLA(10) [anisotropy of c, Mansouri-Sexl theory];
    González-Mestres AIP(10)-a1012;
    Samajdar a1906-conf [from gravitational waves].
Other Areas of Physics
  @ Condensed matter physics: Ajaib a1403.
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