QCD – Quantum Chromodynamics |
In General
> s.a. Bag Model; lattice gauge theory;
QCD phenomenology; standard model [including Cabibbo angle].
* Idea and particle content: A
gauge theory of strong interactions with gauge group color SU(2); The interaction
is mediated by 8 (massless) gluons, components of an su(3)-valued connection form,
while quarks live in an associated bundle on which SU(3) acts; Both quarks and
gluons carry color charge.
* Motivation: (1) Deep inelastic
lepton-hadron scattering indicates structure in hadrons at scales less than
10−16 cm, and half-integer spin constituents;
(2) Low energy spectroscopy (> see Eightfold Way)
indicates multiplet structure and representations of flavor SU(3) (broken);
(3) Excitations of low-lying hadrons and Regge Trajectories;
(4) Charmonium and upsilon spectroscopy (the "hydrogen atoms" of
elementary particle physics).
> Related topics: see gauge
theories; hadrons [quarks].
Theory / Techniques > s.a. anomalies [trace anomaly];
gauge choice; green functions;
QCD effects [confinement]; renormalization.
* Asymptotic freedom: The QCD
renormalization prediction that the strong coupling constant decreases with
increasing energy or momentum transfer, and vanishes at asymptotically high energies.
* Vacuum: The QCD vacuum acts
as a superconductor; & Rosenzweig.
@ General references: Heinzl et al PRD(08)-a0806 [ground state];
Dine et al PRD(10) [semiclassical calculations];
Reinhardt & Heffner a1301-conf [effective potential of the Polyakov loop];
Fried MPLA(13)
[analytic, gauge-invariant, non-perturbative and rigorous formulation].
@ Hamiltonian formulation: Pavel EPJW(14)-a1405 [low-energy, unconstrained];
Campagnari & Reinhardt PRD(15)-a1507 [Dyson-Schwinger approach];
Reinhardt et al a1706-conf [rev];
> s.a. yang-mills theory [canonical].
@ Perturbative approach:
Magradze IJMPA(00) [analytic approach];
Steinhauser PRP(02) [multi-loop];
Van Acoleyen & Verschelde PRD(02) [and Landau pole];
Shirkov & Solovtsov TMP(07) [analytic];
Muta 09; Collins 11;
Sazonov a1503-wd
[QCD as convergent 5D bosonic vector field theory].
@ Non-perturbative approach:
Chakrabarti PhD(03)ht/04 [light-front QCD];
Yamagishi & Zahed PRP(04)ht/97 [non-uniqueness];
Dzhunushaliev a1112;
Fried et al AP(12) [new approach to analytic, non-perturbative, gauge-invariant QCD];
> s.a. lattice gauge theory.
@ Vacuum:
Sachs PRL(94) [consistency];
van Baal NPPS(98)ht/97;
Shuryak 04;
Horváth NPB(05),
hl/06 [structure];
Cho PLB(06) [knot topology];
Cornwall PRD(07)ht [infrared structure];
Reinhardt PRL(08)-a0803 [dielectric function];
Zou et al PLB(13)-a1302 [topologically inequivalent configurations];
Pak & Zhang a1803 [at T = 0];
> s.a. instantons.
@ Gluons: Conrady ht/06,
ht/06,
ht/06 [and monopoles, from lattice field theory];
Bern et al PRD(14)-a1406 [low-enery behavior];
Lowdon a1702,
a1811-conf [propagator, non-perturbative structure];
> s.a. gravitons [scattering].
@ Topological features: 't Hooft ht/98-ln;
't Hooft & Bruckmann ht/00-ln [rev, including confinement];
Bruckmann EPJST(07)-a0706-ln.
@ At finite temperature: Gross, Pisarski & Yaffe RMP(81) [and instantons];
Grandou MPLA(10) [high-temperature limit];
Frasca eConf-a1110 [low-energy limit];
Reinhardt et al PRD(11)-a1107 [variational approach];
Maas PRP(13) [rev];
D'Elia a1809-proc [high-T, rev];
Reinhardt et al a1811-conf [Hamiltonian approach].
@ Asymptotic freedom: Gross PT(87)jan;
Wilczek ht/96;
Gross NPPS(99)ht/98;
't Hooft NPPS(99)ht/98;
Seiler ht/03 [case against];
Wilczek RMP(05)hp;
Bethke PPNP(07)he/06 [experimental tests, rev];
Grozin a0803 [history and interpretation];
Gallavotti JSP(14)-a1405;
Sannino a1511 [challenging asymptotic freedom];
> s.a. matter phenomenology in quantum gravity.
@ Phase diagram: Hands CP(01);
Schäfer PAN(12)-a1102 [role of quantum fluctuations];
Schmidt & Sharma JPG(17)-a1701 [rev];
Maelger et al a1903;
> s.a. QCD phenomenology [quark-gluon plasma].
@ Related topics: Ho ht/95,
Lunev JMP(96)ht/95 [geometrical];
Belitsky et al IJMPA(04)ht-in [integrability];
Magpantay ht/04 [stochastic background];
Glozman a1608-proc [hidden classical symmetry];
> s.a. Large-N Limit; parity [violation].
References
> s.a. GUTs [including p decay]; history of particle
physics; standard model; string phenomenology.
@ II: Glashow SA(75)oct;
Georgi PT(88)apr;
Wilczek PT(00)aug;
Jacak pw(09)sep;
Aitchison & Hey 12.
@ III: Greiner & Schäfer 95;
Smilga 01;
Dissertori et al 03 [theory and phenomenology,
r PT(04)aug];
Narison 03;
Grozin 07;
Ioffe et al 10.
@ Texts: Kokkedee 69; Close 79;
Yndurain 83 [including phenomenology];
Nambu 85;
Artuso 14 [heavy-flavor physics];
Quigg 13;
Feynman & Cline a2006-ln.
@ Reviews: Lipkin PRP(73);
Altarelli PRP(82);
Close PS(82);
Wilczek ARNPS(82),
AHP(03)phy/02;
Shifman ed-01;
Fleming IJMPA(05);
Shifman IJMPA(06)ht-in;
Marchesini IJMPA(07) [especially for LHC];
Greenberg in(09)-a0805 [color charge];
Kronfeld & Quigg AJP(10)nov [RL];
Skands a1207-ln [intro].
@ Lower-dimensional: Bassetto ht/98-proc [1+1];
Rajeev & Turgut CMP(98) [geometrical quantization];
in Nair ht/98-conf [2+1];
Olesen NPB(06)ht [2D, tunneling].
@ Loop space: Polyakov PLB(79),
NPB(80),
87;
Antonov IJMPA(97).
@ In curved spacetime:
Kharzeev et al PLB(02);
Lee et al a1503 [gluon propagation and phenomenology].
@ Related topics:
Shankar PRL(84) [solvable analog];
Cline SA(88)aug [4th family];
Brodsky et al PRP(98) [on the light cone];
Wilczek NPA(00)hp/99-in [high density, rev];
Nardulli RNC(02) [very high density];
Nussinov & Lampert PRP(02) [inequalities];
Di Giacomo et al PRP(02) [field correlators];
Sánchez-Monroy & Quimbay ht/06 [classical version and equations of motion];
Cho et al MPLA(07) [restricted, BRST-Dirac quantization];
Brodsky a1202-conf.
Variations
> s a. string phenomenology [corrections]; & Alternatives: Preparata.
* Tensorgluons: Proposed particles
inside hadrons which carry the same charges as gluons but have larger spin.
@ Holographic dual:
de Teramond & Brodsky PRL(05)ht [hadronic spectrum];
Gursoy & Kiritsis JHEP(08)-a0707,
et al JHEP(08)-a0707 [5D].
@ Other variations:
Walker PLB(08)-a0706 [extension to SU(N)];
Konitopoulos & Savvidy a1503 [tensorgluons, and nucleon spin].
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