Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays| Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays |
In General
* Idea: Cosmic rays with energies
above 1018 eV, equivalent to the kinetic energy of
a tennis ball moving at 100 km/h.
* Status: At \(E \sim 10^{18}\) eV,
some events show directionality; The rate falls almost to zero at \(10^{20}\) eV, but
there may be about 5 events/km2/sr/cy at higher energies;
2003, Auger being built [@ news pw(03)oct];
2004, The total number of events is 6 (11 in AGASA?), so the evidence may be considered flimsy,
and there are systematics that are not understood, and might be settled by the Auger project;
2005, AGASA actually has 59 events at \(E > 4 \times 10^{19}\) eV, roughly isotropic, and Auger
has started seeing UHECR showers; 2007, The Pierre Auger detector shows that the very largest
of cosmic ray showers, those with an energy higher than 57 EeV, correlate pretty well with
known AGNs; 2010, The most energetic event recorded (by Fly's Eye) and the highest-energy
Auger event (148 EeV) point to distant quasars; 2012, Relationship with GRBs questioned by
IceCube results showing too few neutrinos.
@ Intros: Cronin et al SA(97)jan;
O'Halloran et al PT(98)jan;
Musser SA(99)jan;
De Marco ap/05-proc.
@ Reviews: Kampert JPCS(08)-a0801;
Smida a1001-proc;
Zavrtanik CP(10);
Stanev a1011-conf;
Letessier-Selvon & Stanev RMP(11);
Kotera & Olinto ARAA(11)-a1101;
Sidhu a1102 [and detection];
Aloisio AIP(11)-a1104 [propagation, spectrum];
Mostafa a1111-proc;
Olinto JPCS(12)-a1201;
Stanev a1201-conf;
Aloisio a1211-conf;
Kampert EPJwc(13)-a1305,
BJP(13)-a1305-TX,
a1404-proc;
Kotera & Olinto AJP(14)jul [RL];
de Naurois a1510-proc [20 GeV to 100s of TeV];
Aloisio a1603-conf [and neutrinos];
Dova CERN-a1604-ln;
Dawson et al PETP-a1703.
@ General references: Bhattacharjee & Sigl PRP(00)ap/98;
Frampton ap/98-conf;
Yoshida & Dai JPG(98)ap;
Biermann et al NPPS(00)ap [M87?];
Anchordoqui et al PRD(01)hp/00 [monopoles?];
Nagano & Watson RMP(00);
Bertou et al IJMPA(00)ap;
Billoir & Letessier-Selvon ap/00;
Sigl LNP(00)ap,
Sci(01)ap,
AP(02),
AP(03);
Olinto PRP(00)ap;
Watson ap/01-conf,
CP(02);
Sarkar hp/02-conf;
Dick et al NPPS(03)ap/02 [and dark matter];
Starobinsky & Tkachev JETPL(02)ap [theory];
Olinto NPPS(02)ap;
Blasi ap/03-conf;
Sigl APPB(04)ap-proc;
Olinto AIP(05)ap/04;
Stenkin NPPS(06)ap/04;
Gaisser & Stanev NPA(06)ap/05;
issue NPPS(06)151#1;
Medina-Tanco ap/06-proc;
Kachelriess a0801-ln;
Olinto et al a0903-rp;
Teshima & Watson NJP(09);
Aloisio et al APP(11)-a0907;
Capdevielle et al ed-NPPB(09);
Berezinsky a1307-conf [signatures and models].
@ Composition: Abbasi et HiRes ApJ(05)ap/04;
Allard et al JCAP(08)-a0805;
Boyle MPLA(08) [TRACER];
Unger et PA NPPS(09)-a0902;
Abbasi et HiRes PRL(10) [proton-dominated];
Schwarzschild PT(10)may;
Wilk & Włodarczyk JPG(11)-a1006;
Plum et PA a1501-proc;
Biermann et al a1610-proc.
Other aspects: see cosmic rays [including history, detectors];
propagation [including acceleration mechanisms].
Special types: see astrophysical neutrinos;
cosmic-ray sources.
Related topics: see matter phenomenology in quantum gravity;
modified lorentz symmetry, phenomenology
and tests; spacetime foam.
Observation
* Oh-My-God-Particle:
A \(3.2 \times 10^{20}\) eV particle event observed on Oct 15, 1991.
@ First events:
Hayashida et al PRL(94) [AGASA, 1 event],
PRL(96)
+ pn(96)jul [AGASA, 36 events, directionality].
@ Pierre Auger: Mantsch ap/06-conf;
Zech ap/06-proc;
Kampert IJMPE(07)ap/06-conf;
Vorobiov ap/06-conf;
Matthiae a0807-conf;
Blümer JPSJ(09)-a0807-proc;
Roulet JPCS(08)-a0809;
Cronin a0911-conf;
Harari IJMPD(11) [rev];
Conceiçao a1111-proc [results];
Pierre Auger Collaboration a1307 [prospects];
Khanin & Mortlock MNRAS(16)-a1601 [the 69 highest-energy cosmic rays detected].
@ Other status: Anchordoqui et al IJMPA(03)hp/02;
Stecker JPG(03)ap;
Kachelrieß CRP(04)hp-in;
Stanev AIP(04)ap;
Bergman & Belz JPG(07)-a0704 [composition].
@ Spectrum: Pierre Auger ap/05-conf;
Letessier-Selvon AIP(06)ap/05 [and anisotropy];
De Marco & Stanev PRD(05);
Yamamoto for PA AIP(06)ap,
a0707-conf;
Connolly et al PRD(06)ap [comparison of experiments];
Roth et Auger a0706-conf;
Pierre Auger Collaboration a0906-conf;
Kistler & Yüksel a0912 [electrons and positrons];
Pierre Auger Collaboration PLB(10)-a1002.
@ Anisotropy: Anchordoqui et al PRD(03) [search];
HiRes collaboration ApJL(04)ap,
NPPS(04)ap,
APP(07)ap/05 [none found];
Mollerach & Roulet JCAP(05) [search method];
De Marco et al JCAP(06)ap/05 [simulations];
Kachelrieß & Serpico PLB(06) [Compton-Getting effect];
Mikhailov a0705-conf;
Kalashev et al JCAP(08)-a0710 [space-based detectors];
Kashti NPA(09)-a0901-proc;
Abraham et Auger a0906-conf;
Pierre Auger Collaboration JCAP(11)-a1106 [and chemical composition],
JCAP(12),
ApJS(12)-a1210 [distribution of arrival directions];
Zotov a1402-wd [above 1 PeV];
Deligny et Pierre Auger Collaboration JPCS(14)-a1403 [distribution of arrival directions above 10 PeV];
news pt(14)jul [hotspot seen by the Telescope Array experiment];
Ivanov IJMPD(16)-a1602 [none found].
@ Photons: Pierre Auger APP(08)-a0712 [above 1019 eV];
Fomin et al PRD(17)-a1702 [\(\sim 10^{16}\;{\rm to}\;10^{17.5}\) eV primaries];
news sn(19)jun [\(E > 10^{14}\) eV photons from the Crab Nebula detected].
@ Related topics: Illana et al PRD(07)hp/06 [new physics];
Erlykin & Wolfendale a0907 [time variation of flux];
Pisanti a1007-proc [ground-based experiments];
Panasyuk et al JPCS(15)-a1501 [orbital experiments].
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send feedback and suggestions to bombelli at olemiss.edu – modified 25 jun 2019