Cosmological History |
Important Changes and Events > s.a. history of cosmological models; observational cosmology.
Time | Size | Redshift | Temperature | Density | Comments |
−1.37 × 1010 yr | 0 | ∞ | ∞ | ∞ | Big Bang |
+ tP | Quantum-gravity effects | ||||
+1 sec | 1010 K | 5 × 105 g/cm3 | |||
+4 sec | 5 × 109 K | 3 × 104 g/cm3 | |||
+3 min | 109 K | Nucleosynthesis starts | |||
1016 GeV | Grand Unification? | ||||
1100 | Decoupling, transition radiation → matter domination | ||||
+380,000 yr | 1000 | 3000 K | Recombination, last scattering surface | ||
+400 × 106 yr | 10 | Reionization – first stars | |||
−1.0 × 1010 yr | 1/6 | Galaxy formation | |||
−4.6 × 109 yr | Formation of Solar System and Earth | ||||
0 | 1 | 0 | 3 K | Present |
References > s.a. cosmology;
early-universe cosmology.
@ General: Pilipenko a1303 [printable cosmological calculator].
@ Special epochs: Loeb IJAB(14)-a1312
[the habitable epoch 100 < (1+z) < 110, with cmb temperature in the 273-300 K range];
Avelino & Kirshner ApJ(16)-a1607
[the dimensionless age of the universe is close to 1].
> Online resources:
see NED Cosmology Calculators page.
main page
– abbreviations
– journals – comments
– other sites – acknowledgements
send feedback and suggestions to bombelli at olemiss.edu – modified 11 mar 2018