|  Dark Matter on Cosmological Scales | 
Distribution In General > s.a. dark matter [and large-scale structure];
  dark-matter detection; fractals in physics.
  * 1996: Orbiting Japanese X-ray telescope
    ASCA indicates that dark matter is hierarchical, congregates in galaxies and clusters
    [@ Ikebe et al Nat(96)feb].
  * 2005: Lensing analysis by
    Natarajan et al show excellent agreement with "concordance model"
    at galactic scales.
  * 2006: Study of 12 Milky Way
    satellites with VLT shows it clumps at scales above 300 pc, with typical speed 9 km/s.
  * 2007: Dark-matter map
    by COSMOS team shows overlap with luminous matter at large scales
    [@ Massey et al Nat(07)jan
    + pw(07)jan].
  * 2008: Colliding clusters
    MACSJ0025 show separation of dark matter (lensing) and ordinary hot gas (X rays),
    similar to the Bullet Cluster.
  @ Reviews: Linder Nat(07)jan-ap;
    Palanque-Delabrouille IJMPA(07).
  @ Related topics: news pw(08)feb [cmb polarization];
    Ntelis & Ealet for Euclid a1805-conf [homogeneity scale];
    > s.a. lorentz-symmetry phenomenology.
Galaxies > s.a. dark matter [reviews];
  galaxies [rotation curves]; supermassive
  black holes; Tully-Fisher Relation.
  * 2011: The core-cusp problem remains one
    of the unsolved discrepancies between observations and theory in cold-dark-matter scenarios.
  * 2017: Distant galaxies appear to lack dark
    matter, contrary to expectations and galaxy formation theories, and based on star velocity measurements.
  @ Local group: Wyse and Gilmore IAU(07)-a0708 [dwarf spheroidals];
    Cowsik et al ApJ(09)-a0904 [dwarf galaxy in Fornax];
    Łokas APPB(11)-a1112-proc;
    Kroupa a1409-conf [Local Group, no evidence for exotic dark matter];
    > s.a. dark matter distribution.
  @ Nearby galaxies:
    Bullock a1009-ln [the missing-satellites problem];
    Dugger et al JCAP(10)-a1009;
    news bbc(11)sep [the missing satellites problem];
    news CfA(11)oct [no central concentration of dark matter];
    Reddick et al ApJ(13)-a1207;
    Bottema & Pestaña MNRAS(15)-a1501 [dark and luminous matter, from extended rotation curves];
    > s.a. galaxies [LMC + SMC, M31];
    news cosmos(18)feb [satellite distribution].
  @ Other galaxies: Rubin SA(83)jun;
    Sackett ASP(99)ap;
    Salucci & Borriello LNP(03)ap/02;
    Hu & Keeton PRD(02)ap [mapping];
    Bolatto et al IAU-ap/03 [profiles for dwarf galaxies];
    Bosma IAU-ap/03 [overview];
    Ascasibar et al MNRAS(04)ap/03 [origin of profiles];
    Merrifield ap/04-talk [rev];
    Kochanek IAU(04)ap [and lensing];
    Dekel et al Nat(05)ap [elliptical];
    Pérez et al A&A(05)ap [barred];
    McGaugh PRL(05)ap [rotating];
    Salucci EAS(05)ap [spirals];
    Stoehr et al EAS(06)ap [ellipticals];
    Ogiya & Mori ApJL(11)-a1106 [the core-cusp problem];
    Gerhard IAU(13)-a1212 [massive galaxies];
    Magain & Chantry a1303/ApJL
      [early-type galaxies, no evidence for extended dark-matter halos];
    Genzel et al Nat(17)mar-a1703
    + news sn(17)mar
    + comment McGaugh blog(17)mar [distant galaxies' rotation curves];
    Zasov et al a1710;
    Salucci A&AR-a1811 [rev];
    Mocz et al PRL(19) [first galaxies];
    > s.a. light deflection [by a galaxy].
  @ Other galaxies, globular clusters: Spitler & Forbes MNRAS(09)-a0809;
    Taylor et al ApJ(15)-a1503 [in NGC 5128].
  @ Dark-matter halos: Macciò et al a0704/MNRAS [chaos and shape];
    Giocoli et al MNRAS(10)-a0911 [substructure hierarchy];
    Boyarsky et al PRL(10)-a0911 [universal properties];
    O'Brien et al A&A(10)-a1003,
    A&A(10)-a1003,
    A&A(10)-a1003 [edge-on galaxies];
    Baxter et al PRD(10)-a1006 [subhalos];
    Núñez et al PRD(10) [rotation curves and lensing];
    Blas et al JCAP(12) [constraints on deviations from Lorentz invariance];
    Zemp ApJ(14)-a1312 [scales];
    Dwornik et al AHEP(17)-a1406 [condensate halos and observations];
    Oguri & Lin ApJ(15)-a1410;
    Davis & Silk PRL(15) [observation through scattered light];
    > s.a. phenomenology of gravity.
  @ Related topics: Stiff & Widrow PRL(03) [fine structure];
    Zhao & Silk PRL(05)ap [mini-halos].

  P.W. Graham et al., Phys. Rev. D (2015)
Galaxy Clusters
  * Dark matter decay: Could be detected
    by observing photons with high spatial resolution, to determine whether they come from
    a region that agrees with the mass distribution obtained from lensing (dark matter)
    or that obtained from X-rays (hot baryonic matter).
  @ General references: Clowe & Zaritsky pw(07)feb [Bullet Cluster];
    Bournaud et al Sci(07)may-a0705 [debris of galaxy collisions];
    Jee et al ApJ(07)-a0705
    + pw(07)may
      [ringlike structure around cluster Cl 0024+17];
    news an(08)aug [colliding clusters];
    Primack AIP(09)-a0909 [galaxy formation and clustering];
    Baldauf et al PRD(10)-a0911 [and weak lensing, correlation function];
    news at(12)mar [Train Wreck cluster];
    Hektor et al ApJL(13)-a1207 [γ rays];
    Karachentsev et al ApJ(14)-a1312 [Virgo cluster];
    news NASA(14)jul [the 3.56-keV X-ray line from the Perseus cluster];
    Miyatake et al PRL(16)
    + news es(16)jan [internal structure];
    news space(16)dec [not so clumpy].
  @ Intercluster filaments: Dietrich et al Nat(12)jul-a1207
    + news nat(12)jul
      [between the Abell 222/223 galaxy clusters];
    news pw(15)dec [from Abell 2744].
  @ Related topics: Tyson PT(92)jun [mapping with gravitational radiation];
    Zurek et al PRD(07)ap/06 [miniclusters, "ScaMs"];
    Hansen ApJ(09)-a0812 [velocity anisotropy];
    Frenk & White AdP(12)-a1210 [and cosmic structure];
    Hezaveh et al JCAP(16)-a1403 [power spectrum from strong  gravitational lensing];
    Leclercq a1410-proc [dark matter voids];
    Graham et al PRD(15)
      [mapping with high-spatial-resolution observation of photons].
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