The Local Group of Galaxies |
In General > s.a. milky way galaxy [and immediate surroundings];
dark matter on cosmological scales; MOND.
* Composition: It consists of 36
galaxies as of Jan 2000, more than 54 as of Jul 2012, including M31 Andromeda (65%
of mass), M32 dwarf elliptical satellite of M31, Milky Way (30%), the Magellanic Clouds
(dLMC = 50,600 ± 2,400 pc), recently
discovered Cetus dwarf spheroidal, SagDIG, etc; It looks "isolated in the general
field," as Hubble claimed.
* M31 system: The dwarf satellite galaxies of
the Andromeda galaxy are also aligned in a thin and kinematically coherent planar structure.
@ General references: van den Bergh A&AR-ap/99,
PASP(00)ap;
Grebel ASP-ap/00;
Walker LNP(03)ap [distances];
Aparicio IAU-ap/03 [rev];
Brunthaler et al ap/06-proc [kinematical model];
Pasetto & Chiosi A&A(07)ap/06 [statistical distribution];
Tolstoy ASP-a1012;
Peebles et al a1105 [dynamical model];
Fouquet et al a1211-conf [former major merger and tidal stream];
Pawlowski et al MNRAS(13)-a1307 [symmetric structures];
Mathews et al MPLA(14) [formation, evolution and nucleosynthesis];
Boylan-Kolchin et al MNRAS(16)-a1603 [and near-field cosmology];
Carlesi et al MNRAS(17)-a1611 [mass].
@ Dwarf galaxies: Mateo ARAA(98)ap;
McConnachie AJ(12)-a1204;
news SA(13)may [Leo P discovered 5 or 6 Mly away];
Weisz et al ApJ(14)-a1405 [star formation histories];
Hargis et al ApJL(14)-a1407 [predicted number and distribution].
@ Motions:
Chodorowski & Ciecielag ap/03 [acceleration];
Reid et al a0902-rp [including beyond the Local Group];
Crook et al MNRAS(10)-a0906 [peculiar-velocity reconstruction];
Libeskind et al MNRAS(11)-a1010 [preferred infall direction];
Teyssier et al MNRAS(12)-a1207 [past interactions with the Milky Way].
> Online resources:
see Wikipedia page.
Satellites of the Milky Way Galaxy
* In general: The Milky Way galaxy has
some 30 dwarf satellite galaxies, distributed in a highly inclined Disc of Satellites
(DoS), and about 150 globular clusters, with the young halo clusters and star streams
distributed similarly to the DoS; Overall, the MW is surrounded by a Vast Polar Structure
(VPOS) of subsystems; 2015, A number of new ultrafaint satellites found, associated with
the Magellanic Clouds.
* Large Magellanic Cloud: Less evolved
than the Milky Way; d ~ 163,000 ± 2.2%, as of 2013); It contains
significantly less heavy elements.
@ General references: Libeskind et al MNRAS(05)ap [distribution, and dark matter];
Metz et al MNRAS(07)ap/06 [distribution];
Metz et al ApJ(09)-a0903 [origin];
news ns(09)aug [mystery of missing satellites];
Li et al MNRAS(10)-a0909;
Strigari AiA(10)-a0911 [kinematics];
Pawlowski et al A&A(11)-a1106 [origin];
Fouquet et al MNRAS(12)-a1209;
Pawlowski a1211-MG13,
Pawlowski et al a1505/MNRAS [Vast Polar Structure];
Newton et al MNRAS(18)-a1708.
@ Magellanic Clouds: Walker ap/98-in,
van den Bergh ap/98-IAU [distances];
Lake & D'Onghia ApJL(09)-a0802 [LMC and dwarf group];
Bekki ApJL(08)-a0807 [LMC + SMC dark matter halos];
Shattow & Loeb MNRAS(09)-a0808 [LMC orbit];
Bland-Hawthorn & Gallagher IAU-a0808 [overview];
D'Onghia et al IAU(08)-a0809 [as part of a group of dwarfs];
van der Marel et al IAU(08)-a0809;
Lehner AIP(09)-a0812 [and FUSE];
van den Bergh Nat-a1012;
Bekki MNRAS(11)-a1106 [LMC accretion onto MW];
news bbc(13)mar [distance to LMC];
news SA(13)apr [youthful look];
Subramanian & Subramanian A&A(15)-a1410 [disk of the SMC, as traced by Cepheids];
Sales et al MNRAS(16)-a1605 [satellites of the Magellanic Clouds];
Dennefeld a2009 [history].
@ DoS: Pawlowski et al MNRAS(12)-a1204 [and VPOS, and consequences for the standard cosmological model];
Smith et al ApJ(16)-a1511 [formation scenario];
Maji et al ApJ(17)-a1702,
and comment Pawlowski et al AN(17)-a1702 [is it there?].
@ Other satellites: Wakker & Richter SA(04)jan [and surrounding HVCs];
Willman et al MNRAS(04)ap;
Willman ASP-ap/05 [new];
Ibata & Gibson SA(07)apr [remnants];
Tollerud et al ApJ(08)-a0806 [hundreds?];
Koposov et al ApJ(09)-a0901 [explanation for population];
Libeskind et al a0905/MNRAS [system alignment];
Muñoz et al MNRAS-a0905 [and reionization];
Bullock et al ApJ(10)-a0912 [stealth galaxies];
Koposov et al ApJ(15)-a1503,
news symm(15)mar [new ones].
Other Nearby Structures
> s.a. galaxy distribution [including the Local Void]; Laniakea.
@ Our neighborhood: Karachentsev AJ(05)ap/04,
Grebel ap/06-proc [the Local Group and other nearby groups];
Wang a1112-proc [galactic neighborhood and laboratory astrophysics];
Kitaura et al MNRAS(12)-a1205 [the local universe];
McCall MNRAS(14)-a1403 [Local Sheet and Council of Giants];
Forero-Romero & González IAU-a1412 [the Local Group in the cosmic web].
> Online resources:
see Wikipedia page on the Local Sheet.
main page
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– other sites – acknowledgements
send feedback and suggestions to bombelli at olemiss.edu – modified 30 sep 2020