Anomalous
Spacecraft Acceleration (Pioneer Effect)| Anomalous
Spacecraft Acceleration (Pioneer Effect) |
In General > s.a. Conformal
Gravity; tests of general relativity with
orbits.
* 2001: Seen
in Pioneer 10/11 data, value aP =
(8.74 
1.25) 
10–8 cm/s2,
directed toward the Sun.
* 2002–2004: Blueshift
of frequency of (5.99 0.01) 10–9 Hz/s,
interpreted as an additional acceleration (8.74 1.33) 10–8 and
(8.60 1.34) 10–8 cm/s2,
no consensus yet on explanation despite a persistent interest.
* 2005: Older
Pioneer tracking data will be reanalyzed in search of earlier signs of this
effect.
* 2007: The cause remains
unknown, although radiant heat remains a likely origin; Improved bounds on
violations of Newton's second law.
* 2008: Anomaly of 13
mm/s seen in NEAR asteroid rendezvous spacecraft; JPL scientists working
on analysis of Rosetta spacecraft.
* Objects in which it has
been seen:
Pioneer 10 & 11 spacecraft, NASA's Galileo and the joint ESA-NASA Ulysses
spacecraft; But not on
the Voyaget 1 & 2, because they are three-axis stabilized, as opposed to
spin-stabilized, and their thrusters introduce additional accelerations that
overwhelm this
tiny
effect
(and also
not on planets or minor planets!); NEAR.
@ Overviews: Martin Nieto et al gq/04-in
[and tests]; Turyshev et al pw(04)sep, gq/05-in,
gq/05-in, IJMPD(06)gq/05;
Martin Nieto & Anderson CQG(05)gq [and
early data], CP(07)-a0709
[rev]; Reynaud & Jaekel gq/06 [and
modified gravity]; Martin Nieto epn(06)gq/07;
Turyshev ps(07);
de Diego a0807-in;
de Diego & Núñez a0807-in.
@ Analysis: Anderson et al PRL(98)gq +
pn(98)sep,
PRD(02)gq/01;
Turyshev et al gq/99-in;
Markwardt gq/02/PRD;
Toth & Turyshev gq/06 [status];
Unzicker & Schmidle gq/07 [code
for quick check]; Turyshev & Toth a0710-in,
a0710.
@ And other objects: Iorio & Giudice NA(06)gq [not
for outer planets], gq/06-in
[Lense-Thirring for MGS, and outer planets], gq/06 [Uranus,
Neptune, and Voyager
2]; Iorio JGPO(07)-a0712 [Jupiter
and Saturn]; news pn(08)feb [NEAR asteroid rendevous spacecraft].
@ Proposed tests: Anderson et al IJMPD(02)gq;
Martin Nieto & Turyshev CQG(04)gq/03;
Rathke ap/04-in
[Pluto
orbiter]; Turyshev et al gq/04-in;
Bertolami & Páramos gq/04-in
[rev], IJMPD(07)gq-in
[mission]; Page et al ap/05/ApJ
[using
minor planets]; Izzo & Rathke JSR(06)ap/05
[options];
Dittus et al gq/05-in;
Martin Nieto PLB(08)-a0710 [New
Horizons].
Proposed Explanations
@ General references: Anderson et al PRL(99)gq,
PRL(99)gq [responses];
Mbelek & Lachièze-Rey gq/99/PRD
[scalar field]; Crawford ap/99/PRL
[interactions of traveling signals]; Rosales FP(06)qp/05 [cosmological
geometric phase]; Tangen PRD(07)gq/06
[motion
is non-geodesic].
@ Heat, radiation: Katz PRL(99)gq/98;
Murphy PRL(99)gq/98;
Scheffer PRD(03)gq/01, gq/01 [anisotropic];
news S&T(08)apr.
@ Kuiper Belt gravity:
de Diego et al IJMPD(06)ap/05;
Martin Nieto PRD(05)ap,
Bertolami & Vieira CQG(06)ap/05 [no].
@ Other conventional physics: Guruprasad ap/99 [gravitational
tides on spacecraft]; Østvang CQG(02)gq/99 [coordinates];
Anderson et al MPLA(02)gq/01;
Ostermann gq/02 [not
non-conventional]; Anderson & Mashhoon PLA(03)gq [not
helicity-rotation coupling]; Mbelek & Michalski IJMPD(04)gq/03;
Mbelek gq/04 [gr
+ quintessence]; Quevedo gq/05-in
[not solar quadrupole moment]; Martin Nieto et al PLB(05)ap [not
interplanetary matter]; Hall PLB(07)
[charge drag].
@ Modified gravity: Moffat gq/04,
Brownstein & Moffat CQG(06)gq/05 [non-symmetric],
comment Iorio gq/06;
Jaekel
& Reynaud in(06)gq/05,
comment Iorio gq/06,
gq/06 [2
scale-dependent constants]; Trencevski & Celakoska gq/06 [t-dependent
potential]; Iorio FP(07)gq/06
[and
planets]; Exirifard a0708 [covariant
correction]; Avramidi & Fucci a0802 [matrix
gravity, non-commutative].
@ Other new physics: de Souza gq/01, gq/01 [discrete
fields]; Foot & Volkas PLB(01)hp [mirror
matter]; Belayev gq/02,
Tsipenyuk & Belayev gq/03 [5D
physics]; Bertolami & Páramos CQG(04)gq/03 [bimetric
theory on brane]; Krogh ap/04 ["quantum
mechanical
theory of gravity"]; Anania & Makoid ap/05/AP
[bending of gravity]; Carmeli et al IJTP(06)gq/05
[and
minimal acceleration]; ten Boom gq/05;
Mbelek et al EPL(07)ap/06
[non-linear
electrodynamics]; McCulloch MNRAS(07)ap/06
[modified inertia]; Castro FP(07)
[scalar for Weyl invariance]; Tomilchik a0704 [kinematical
effect of conformal
invariance]; Zaveri a0709 [proper
time drift].
@ Change in c: Ellman gq/98;
Rañada EPL(03)gq/02, gq/04.
@ Cosmology: Rosales & Sánchez-Gómez gq/98;
Rosales gq/02;
Nottale gq/03 [cosmological
constant];
Rosales gq/04 [Berry
phase]; Rañada FP(04)gq,
Rañada & Tiemblo gq/06 [clock
acceleration], a0804 [quantum
cosmology and clock desynchronization]; Palle APS(05)ap/04;
Trencevski GRG(05)gq/04;
Oliveira
gq/06-IJTP;
Fahr
& Siewert gq/06;
Scholz
ap/07/PRD;
Lachièze-Rey CQG(07)gq [no]; > s.a. test-body
orbits.
Related Topics > s.a. Flyby
Anomalies.
@ References: Defrere & Rathke
gq/05-in [and
gravitational wave detection]; Turyshev AJP(05)
[problem set]; Letter and reply Morris AJP(06),
Turyshev et al AJP(06);
Hodge ap/06 [scalar
potential model]; Mäkelä a0710 [hypothesis based on numerical coincidence].
Online Resources > see the Planetary Society page.
Main page – Abbreviations – Journals – Comments – Other
sites – Acknowledgements
Send feedback and suggestions to bombelli at olemiss.edu – Modified
7 jul 2008