Spring/Summer 2008 Astronomy News

Sources: NASA; SpaceflightNow; Sky & Telescope; Astronomy; space.com; Universe Today.
See also the resources page; Note: Some links in this page are good only for a limited time.

Sky Observation

  • 03.27: Light Pollution: National Dark Sky Week is from March 29th to April 4th (S&T)
  • 03.20: Northern Lights: For reasons not fully understood, spring is aurora season (NASA)
  • 02.13: Lunar Eclipse: There will be a total lunar eclipse on Wednesday, February 20th (NASA)
  • 01.15: General Observation: Predicted highlights of this year's sky (S&T)

Technology and Organizations

  • 06.26: Propulsion Methods: This summer NASA will try to put solar sail NanoSail-D in orbit (NASA)
  • 06.11: GLAST: NASA's Gamma-ray Large Area Space Telescope launched today (NASA, spaceref)
  • 06.04: Telescopes: Scientists pioneer method for making giant telescopes on the Moon (SFN, NASA)
  • 04.07: Spectrographs: New device may be precise enough to detect Earthlike planets (spaceref)
  • 03.26: NASA: Associate administrator for the Science Mission Directorate Alan Stern resigns (NASA, pw)
  • 03.07: LBT: Large Binocular Telescope achieves first binocular light with its twin 8.4-m mirrors (spaceref)
  • 02.08: GLAST: NASA invites the general public to suggest new name before mid-2008 launch (NASA)
  • 01.24: GLAST: NASA readies Gamma-Ray Large Area Space Telescope for May launch (NASA)
  • 01.18: NASA: Space community plans alternative to Bush's "vision for space exploration" (spaceref, SFN)

Planet Earth

  • 07.16: Tunguska Event: Evidence of acid rain from peat layers supports meteoroid theory (spaceref)
  • 07.12: Past Impacts: Was the course of life on Earth altered 12,900 years ago by a comet? (SFN)
  • 06.30: Tunguska Event: Today is the 100th anniversary of the 1908 impact (NASA, SFN, SFN)
  • 06.26: NEOs: Canada's NEOSSat will be the world's first asteroid-tracking space telescope (SFN)
  • 06.26: Life: Can evidence of life on the early Earth be found in meteorites on the moon? (spaceref)
  • 06.17: Extinctions: New study suggests that epic ebbs and flows of sea level are responsible (spaceref)
  • 04.21: Antarctica: As practice for an Europa mission, a robot will swim in an ice-covered lake (spaceref)
  • 04.11: Past Impacts: Geologists discover new way of estimating their size and frequency (spaceref)
  • 04.06: Life: Meteorites may have delivered the 'seeds' of Earth's left-hand amino acids (spaceref)
  • 04.03: Climate Change: There is not much evidence that cosmic rays could be linked to it (physicsworld)
  • 03.18: Interior: Researchers confirm discovery of Earth's inner, innermost core (spaceref)
  • 02.15: NEOs: The first triple one, 2001 SN263, discovered a mere 7M miles from Earth (spaceref)
  • 02.08: Early Earth: Ancient proteins reveal massive cooling period 500 Myr – 3.5 Gyr ago (spaceref)
  • 02.07: Extreme Life: Strange lake in Antarctica may be home to exotic forms of microscopic life (NASA)

The Moon and the Sun

  • 07.11: Solar Activity: The length of the current minimum in the Sun's cycle is normal (NASA)
  • 07.09: Water: Evidence from lunar samples that there is water in the Moon's interior (spaceref, SFN)
  • 07.02: Lunar Exploration: NASA considers developing American Student Moon Orbiter (spaceref)
  • 06.16: Ulysses Mission: After more than 17 years the spacecraft will cease to function on July 1 (SFN)
  • 06.10: Solar Probe: Heat-resistant spacecraft to plunge deep into the Sun's atmosphere (NASA)
  • 05.30: Solar Corona: Warm coronal loops offer clue to mysteriously hot solar atmosphere (spaceref)
  • 05.27: Solar Activity: On April 9, a coronal mass ejection did a cartwheel above the Sun (NASA)
  • 05.22: GRAIL: Mission slated for launch in 2011 will probe the Moon's quirky gravity field (NASA)
  • 05.07: Solar Exploration: Applied Physics Laboratory is sending a Solar Probe to the sun (SFN)
  • 04.23: Lunar Exploration: LRO orbiter and high-speed impactor to be launched later this year (SFN)
  • 04.18: Helioseismology: SOHO confirms that solar flares drive global oscillations in the Sun (spaceref)
  • 04.15: Ulysses Mission: Ground controllers try ways to extend the life of the spacecraft (SFN)
  • 04.09: Lunar Exploration: Spacecraft to assess lunar atmosphere and dust in 2011 (spaceref, NASA)
  • 03.27: Lunar Exploration: The tricks Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter will use looking for water (NASA)
  • 03.11: Moon Surface: ESA's SMART-1 releases images of lunar south-polar region (spaceref)
  • 02.29: Moon Surface: New radar maps of the south pole reveal tall peaks and deep craters (NASA)
  • 02.26: Sun's Future: Calculations of late stages in Sun's life spell doom for Earth in 5 billion years (pw)
  • 02.22: Ulysses Mission: As spacecraft loses power, mission will soon come to a natural end (spaceref)
  • 01.11: Lunar Exploration: The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter is undergoing critical tests (spaceref)

Mars

  • 07.17: Water: Evidence of vast lakes, rivers and deltas shows water was once widespread (BBC)
  • 07.15: Phoenix Lander: A powered rasp on the back of the robotic arm will scrape ice samples (SFN)
  • 07.08: Phoenix Lander: Controllers test methods to get icy sample into robot arm scoop (SFN)
  • 07.02: Future Missions: NASA and ESA discuss the next step, a Mars Sample Return (spaceref)
  • 06.28: Phoenix Lander: Scientists say lander has found the nutrients to support life (SFN)
  • 06.26: Past Climate: New analysis of Martian soil shows atmosphere once had moisture (spaceref, SFN)
  • 06.25: Impact Craters: Largest known one in solar system.covers 40% of Mars (NASA, spaceref, SFN)
  • 06.17: Phoenix Lander: Crumbs of bright material dug up by lander must have been ice (SFN1, SFN2)
  • 06.17: Phoenix Lander: Results are now in from the first round of baking: no water, yet (SFN)
  • 06.11: Phoenix Lander: After a few attempts, lander has filled its first oven with Martian soil (spaceref)
  • 06.10: Phoenix Lander: NASA engineers test new handling method for clumpy soil (spaceref)
  • 06.07: Phoenix Lander: Robotic arm scoops up load of dirt for high-temperature oven (SFN)
  • 06.06: Phoenix Lander: Images of dust grains as small as one-tenth the thickness of a human hair (SFN)
  • 06.02: Phoenix Lander: Lander digs into the Martian tundra, scraping up bits of soil (SFN, spaceref)
  • 05.30: Phoenix Lander: Ice may have been exposed under spacecraft during landing (spaceref, SFN)
  • 05.26: Phoenix Lander: NASA Phoenix spacecraft in good health after landing (spaceref, SFN, SFN)
  • 05.25: Phoenix Lander: NASA mission lands near the planet's northern polar cap (SFN, BBC, NASA)
  • 05.25: Phoenix Lander: The spacecraft gets ready to land on Mars (APOD); preview (SFN)
  • 05.23: Spirit Rover: Mars rover finds Yellowstone-like hot spring deposits (spaceref)
  • 05.15: Interior: MRO finds crust and upper mantle are stiffer and colder than expected (SFN)
  • 04.23: Weather: Thick, recurring glaciers suggest climate has been recently active (spaceref)
  • 04.03: Shooting Stars: Meteors have been seen for the first time in the Martian atmosphere (spaceref)
  • 03.24: Life? Salt deposits point to places where evidence might exist of possible past life (SFN)
  • 03.14: Surface: Collision with very large asteroid is likely explanation for North-South difference (S&T)
  • 03.03: Surface: Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter photographs active avalanches near north pole (spaceref)
  • 03.02: Water? Despite a 2006 report, liquid water has not been found on Mars after all (SFN, pw)
  • 02.28: Phoenix Lander: Mars orbiters make adjustments to prepare for May 25 arrival (spaceref, SFN)
  • 02.15: Life? High concentrations of dissolved minerals may have prevented life from evolving (spaceref)
  • 01.11: Impacts: The Mars impact watch for January 30th is now officially "off" (S&T)

Other Planets and Their Moons

  • 07.17: Jupiter: An update on what the three red spots on Jupiter's surface are up to (spaceref)
  • 07.04: Saturn: July 1st marks the beginning of the extended, Cassini Equinox Mission (spaceref)
  • 07.03: Mercury: MESSENGER results on the formation of plains and the magnetic field (SFN, spaceref)
  • 06.11: Saturn: Cassini observations show fluctuations in F ring due to moonlet collisions (spaceref)
  • 05.30: Venus: Venus Express images reveal new details of enigmatic cloud structure (spaceref)
  • 05.23: Jupiter: Third red spot appeared alongside the Great Red Spot and Red Spot Junior (SFN)
  • 05.19: Venus: First detection of the key molecule hydroxyl in the upper atmosphere (SFN)
  • 05.07: Mercury: Evidence suggests that iron "snow" falls toward the center of the planet (SFN)
  • 04.15: Cassini Mission: NASA is extending the international mission by two years (SFN, spaceref)
  • 04.06: Venus: Venus Express spacecraft provides possible evidence for active volcanoes (SFN, spaceref)
  • 04.04: Enceladus: Cassini finds organic molecules gushing from icy fractures, possible water within (S&T)
  • 03.26: Enceladus: NASA Cassini spacecraft tastes organic material during its flyby (spaceref)
  • 03.24: Titan: Evidence for possible existence of an underground ocean of water and ammonia (SFN)
  • 03.18: Mercury: Simulation reveals possible cause of the planet's distinctive features (spaceref, SFN)
  • 03.12: Enceladus: Cassini flies into the jet of water vapor and ice spewing from south pole (spaceref, SFN)
  • 03.07: Mercury: MESSENGER spacecraft finds several craters with strange dark halos in flyby (NASA)
  • 03.06: Rhea: This moon of Saturn has its own ringlike, hitherto-unknown dust halo (spaceref)
  • 02.27: Mercury: NASA releases MESSENGER image of two craters in Caloris Basin (spaceref)
  • 02.19: Saturn's Moons: Many of them have in common a coating of black stuff on their surfaces (spaceref)
  • 02.13: Titan: Surface hydrocarbon far exceed all known oil and natural gas reserves on Earth (spaceref)
  • 02.08: Enceladus: Scientists try to piece together what's happening inside Saturn's moon (spaceref)
  • 02.01: Saturn: Interactive program uses a game engine to allow users to navigate around Saturn (spaceref)
  • 01.30: Mercury: Planet turns out to be a lot less like the Moon than many previously thought (spaceref)
  • 01.24: Mercury: Astronomers can now identify and measure the impact craters on the surface (spaceref)
  • 01.17: Mercury Mission: MESSENGER sends pictures taken during 1st flyby (spaceref, spaceref, NASA)

The Rest of the Solar System

  • 07.15: Kuiper Belt: Transneptunian dwarf planet (136472) 2005 FY9 named Makemake (spaceref)
  • 07.09: Asteroids: Asteroid spinup due to the effect of sunlight is the key to understanding binaries (SFN)
  • 07.03: Rosetta: Spaceceraft awakes from hibernation to prepare for asteroid encounter (spaceref, SFN)
  • 07.02: The Edge: Voyager 2 makes first direct observations of the solar wind termination shock (SFN)
  • 07.02: The Edge: STEREO spacecraft create first images of Solar System's heliosheath (spaceref, SFN)
  • 06.27: Comets: The SOHO spacecraft discovers its 1500th comet (ESA)
  • 06.13: Comets: NASA researchers find new mineral in material from 26P/Grigg-Skjellerup (SFN)
  • 06.11: Names: IAU chooses "plutoid" as the name for Solar System objects like Pluto (spaceref, SFN)
  • 05.28: Asteroids: Amateur discovers fastest rotating natural object known in the Solar System (spaceref)
  • 05.22: Definitions: Top scientists and educators to discuss the question, What is a planet? (spaceref)
  • 03.14: Formation: Results on oxygen isotope abundance from Genesis pose puzzle for Earth (S&T)
  • 02.28: Major and Minor Planets: How to remember them now in the right order (S&T)
  • 02.25: New Horizons: The spacecraft, moving at 60,000 km/hr, is now 9 AU from the Sun (spaceref)
  • 01.03: History: Physicist reads the history of the solar system in grains of comet dust (spaceref)

Extrasolar Systems

  • 07.10: Chemistry: Few stars in the Orion Nebula have enough dust to make Jupiter-size planets (spaceref)
  • 07.10: Nearby Stars: Toward detection of terrestrial planets around Proxima Centauri (spaceref)
  • 05.16: Super-Earths: Stars with this type of planet are starting to look relatively common (spaceref, SFN)
  • 05.30: Search Plans: ESA launches initiative to develop roadmap for finding Earth-like planets (spaceref)
  • 05.08: Surveys: MARVELS project set to begin in 2008 could dramatically increase the count (NASA)
  • 04.25: Terrestrial Planets: Astronomers develop plan to identify watery Earth-like planets (SFN)
  • 04.11: Terrestrial Planets: New rocky planet found 30 ly away in the Leo constellation (spaceref)
  • 04.06: Systems: Star five thousand light-years away has planetary system similar to ours (BBC)
  • 03.19: Atmospheres: Hubble Space Telescope finds first organic molecule on extrasolar planet (spaceref)
  • 03.07: Neighbors: Simulations show Alpha Centauri B may have an earthlike planet (spaceref, SFN, SFN)
  • 02.17: Terrestrial Planets: Many, perhaps most, nearby Sun-like stars may form rocky planets (spaceref)
  • 02.14: Systems: Newly discovered one contains scaled-down versions of Saturn and Jupiter (spaceref)
  • 02.08: Deep Impact: NASA spacecraft looks for alien worlds around stars with "hot Jupiters" (spaceref)
  • 02.08: Earthlike Planets: Astronomers may have found one hidden in the dust around FN Tau (spaceref)
  • 01.31: Broadcasting: NASA beams Beatles song 'Across the universe' into deep space (spaceref)
  • 01.15: Earthlike Planets: A proposal to look the glint of starlight on distant planet oceans (spaceref)
  • 01.11: Superearths: Without plate tectonics, life might never have gained a foothold on Earth (spaceref)
  • 01.11: Protoplanets: Have astronomers observed the aftermath of a distant planetary collision? (spaceref)
  • 01.10: Prediction: Astronomers successfully predict existence of extra extrasolar planet (spaceref)
  • 01.07: Direct Detection: Light reflected by exoplanet is detected for the first time (spaceref)

Stars and Other Objects

  • 07.15: Bright Stars: The "Peony nebula star" is a contender for the brightest star in the galaxy (spaceref)
  • 07.11: Star Formation: Remote galaxy pumps out stars at a rate of up to 4,000 per year (SFN)
  • 07.10: Star Clusters: Discrepancy between ages of stars in NGC 6791 partially resolved (spaceref, SFN)
  • 06.19: New Stars: Newly born identical twin stars show surprising differences (spaceref)
  • 06.11: Variable Stars: Amateur observers help see the very beginning of an SS Cygni outburst (spaceref)
  • 05.29: Magnetars: Spitzer Space Telescope finds bizarre ring of material around dead star (NASA)
  • 05.21: Supernovas: SWIFT satellite catches for the first time one in the act of exploding (spaceref, SFN)
  • 05.20: Stars: The brightest flare ever seen was from a star with 1% of the Sun's luminosity (SFN)
  • 05.16: Multiplets: Astronomers have discovered an extremely rare tight quartet of stars (SFN)
  • 05.15: Pulsars: Eccentric pulsar defies explanation, could be part of a threesome (physicsworld)
  • 05.09: Supernovas: Simulations are showing more details on how the explosions proceed (S&T)
  • 05.02: White Dwarfs: The first pulsating carbon white dwarf star has been observed (SFN)
  • 05.02: Cepheids: The pulsation period of Polaris, the nearest Cepheid, has been changing (S&T)
  • 04.15: Open Clusters: The star iota Horologii's birthplace was in the Hyades cluster (spaceref, SFN)
  • 04.11: Spectral Types: A 350°C brown dwarf suggests the introduction of a new spectral type Y (S&T)
  • 04.04: Omega Centauri: With a large black hole at its center, might it not be a globular cluster? (spaceref)
  • 04.01: Black Holes: Scientists identify the smallest known black hole, 15 miles wide (SFN, spaceref)
  • 04.01: Binary Stars: Astronomers see two examples of yellow supergiant eclipsing binary (spaceref, SFN)
  • 03.04: Planetary Nebulas: Hubble Telescope reveals previously unknown structures in NGC 2371 (SFN)
  • 02.27: Star Formation: Massive stars form if small "helper" stars help set the stage (spaceref, SFN)
  • 02.20: Neutron Stars: Bursts of X-rays are forcing astronomers to rethink their life cycle (spaceref)
  • 02.13: Supernovas: Astronomers find binary system that was possible progenitor of SN 2007 on (spaceref)
  • 01.29: White Dwarfs: Ones that go too close to black holes may end up as unusual supernovae (spaceref)
  • 01.28: Alien Stars: Hyperfast star HE 0437-5439 was originally in the Large Magellanic Cloud (spaceref)
  • 01.21: Neutron Stars: They can be more massive than expected, and black holes more rare (spaceref)
  • 01.10: Free Stars: There are several young star clusters that don't belong to any particular galaxy (S&T)
  • 01.03: White Dwarfs: AE Aquarii is the first white dwarf to be seen pulsating like a pulsar (spaceref)

The Milky Way and Other Galaxies

  • 06.24: Seyfert Galaxies: Radio-telescope reveals previously-unseen galactic cannibalism (spaceref)
  • 06.16: Milky Way: New VLBA star survey shows stars move differently than assumed (spaceref)
  • 06.03: Milky Way: New observations reveal that it is dominated by just two spiral arms (spaceref)
  • 05.14: Milky Way: Chandra X-ray observatory sees 140-year-old supernova remnant (NASA, spaceref)
  • 05.09: Antennae: These interacting galaxies are 45 million ly away, instead of 65 million ly (spaceref)
  • 04.30: Black Holes: Black hole ejected from its parent galaxy by burst of gravitational waves (SFN)
  • 04.16: Quasars: Optical bursts test general relativity to the limit, provide evidence for black holes (pw)
  • 04.15: Milky Way: The central black hole let loose a powerful flare three centuries ago (spaceref, SFN)
  • 03.07: ISM: Astronomers measure distribution of mass inside dark filament in a molecular cloud (spaceref)
  • 02.05: NGC 1132: This brilliant but fuzzy giant elliptical galaxy far outshines typical galaxies (spaceref)
  • 01.21: Chemistry: Arecibo telescope finds ingredients for aminoacids in galaxy 250 Mly away (spaceref)
  • 01.12: Milky Way: A giant cloud of hydrogen gas is racing towards a collision with our galaxy (BBC)
  • 01.10: Galaxy Rotation: There is new evidence that NGC 4622 rotates the "wrong way" (spaceref)
  • 01.10: Black Holes: The biggest known black hole is an 18-billion-solar-mass one (BBC)

Galaxy Clusters and the Universe

  • 06.24: Dark Energy: Huge lenses built for cameras to detect the mysterious dark energy (spaceref)
  • 05.15: Light: The universe is twice as bright as previously thought, and obscured by dust (SFN)
  • 05.13: Early Universe: CO molecule in galaxy 11 Gly away gives early universe temperature (spaceref)
  • 05.05: Dark Matter: XMM-Newton discovers hot gas that is part of missing matter (spaceref, SFN)
  • 04.29: Early Galaxies: Nine ultra-dense 200-billion-solar-mass ones found in early universe (spaceref)
  • 04.02: Early Universe: Old-looking galaxies stick together in huge halos of dark matter (spaceref)
  • 03.21: Gamma Ray Bursts: 080319B shatters the record for the most distant naked-eye object (NASA)
  • 03.08: Microwave Background: WMAP releases analysis of five years of collected data (spaceref)
  • 02.27: Dark Matter: CDMS experiment sets the world's best constraints on its properties (spaceref)
  • 02.12: Early Galaxies: Hubble finds contender for galaxy distance record, at redshift above 7 (spaceref)
  • 01.30: Dark Energy: Large surveys of distant galaxies are a powerful tool to study this mystery.(spaceref)
  • 01.27: Galaxy Clusters: Galaxies prefer to raise stars in cosmic suburbia rather than "big cities" (spaceref)
  • 01.20: Dark Matter: Astronomers relate the lives of galaxies in a supercluster to dark matter (SFN)
  • 01.15: Dark Matter: Study illustrates how galaxies are drawn into larger clusters by gravity (BBC)

Fundamental Questions and Other Issues

  • 07.07: General Relativity: Double-pulsar system data support Einstein's theory (spaceref, astromart)
  • 06.28: Life: Important component of early genetic material in meteorites is extraterrestrial (spaceref)
  • 06.24: Ancient History: Celestial clues hint at eclipse in Homer's Odyssey (spaceref)
  • 06.23: Fundamental Constants: Earth’s laws still apply in distant Universe (SFN1, SFN2)
  • 06.05: SETI: We may have been looking in the wrong places all this time (SFN)
  • 05.29: Stonehenge: Radiocarbon dating indicates it was always a monument to the dead (NYT)
  • 05.21: SETI: Advanced alien civilizations could be sending messages using neutrinos (physicsworld)
  • 04.18: Pioneer Anomaly: Does the explanation lie in an uneven emission of infrared photons? (S&T)
  • 04.16: Life: Scientist claims odds of finding new life on other Earth-like planets are low (spaceref)
  • 02.11: Science Fiction: Planetary scientist Carolyn Porco to advise on new Star Trek movie (spaceref)
  • 02.01: High-Energy Physics: Particle accelerator may reveal shape of extra dimensions (spaceref)

News From Previous Semesters

Astronomy Resources; Page by Luca Bombelli <bombelli at olemiss.edu>, Modified 17 jul 2008