| Abbreviations: References | |
| Book: | For books, only the 2-digit publication year nn is given; The full four-digit year is written if it is earlier than 1900. If the level of the book is specified, I = general readership; II = undergrad level; III = grad-research level. |
| Article in a collection: |
in(nn), where nn is the publication year of the conference proceedings or other collection of articles. |
| Journal paper: | XXX(nn), where XXX is an abbreviation for the journal name, and nn the publication year (four digits only if it is earlier than 1900). |
arXiv paper: from Mach 2007, the format is just aYYMM. |
xx/nn, where xx is an abbreviation for
the arXiv name, for example ap = astro-ph, cd = chao-dyn, cm = cond-mat, gq = gr-qc, hl = hep-lat, hp = hep-ph, ht = hep-th, he or hx = hep-ex, mp = math-phy, nl = nlin, phy = physics, qp = quant-ph; and nn the year the paper appeared. When published, XXX(nn)xx/mm or in(nn)xx/mm (mm omitted if = nn) |
| Other abbreviations: |
...-in = paper written for a
collection, e.g., proceedings; ...-ln = paper from lecture notes; ...-MS = master's thesis; ...-PhD = PhD dissertation; ...-rp = report; ...-wd = withdrawn paper. |
| Abbreviations:
Common Words and Expressions (most abbreviations have been expanded out; all are being phased out) |
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| B | magnetic field | m | mass |
| E | electric field, or energy | p | momentum, proton |
| e | electron (or unit of electric charge) | t | time |
| L | angular momentum | T | temperature |
| af | asymptotically flat | nA | non-Abelian |
| bc | boundary condition | nc | non-commutative |
| bh | black hole | ns | neutron star |
| cc | cosmological constant | pi | path integral |
| cr | commutation relation | PN | Post-Newtonian |
| CS | Chern-Simons (function/theory) | ps | phase space |
| cy | century | qc | quantum cosmology |
| dg | differential geometry | qg | quantum gravity |
| dS | de Sitter space | qm | quantum mechanics |
| em | electromagnetism | Rc | Regge calculus |
| ep | equivalence principle | RN | Reissner-Nordström spacetime |
| ev | expectation value | sd | self-dual |
| fb | fiber bundle | sl | spacelike |
| ft | field theory | sm | statistical mechanics |
| gr | general relativity | sn | supernova |
| gt | gauge theory | sr | special relativity |
| HJ | Hamilton-Jacobi | tl | timelike |
| hs | hypersurface | up | uncertainty principle |
| id | identity | vf | vector field |
| ir | infrared | th | theory |
| KG | Klein-Gordon (equation/theory) | wf | wave function |
| KK | Kaluza-Klein (theory) | wh | wormhole |
| KN | Kerr-Newman spacetime | YM | Yang-Mills (fields/theory) |
| KS | Kantowski-Sachs spacetime | ||
| AdS | Anti-de Sitter space | lin | linear |
| aot | as opposed to | Lor | Lorentzian |
| cst | conformal field theory | lqc | loop quantum cosmology |
| ctc | closed timelike curve | lqg | loop quantum gravity |
| cyl | cylinder, cylindrical | pfb | principal fiber bundle |
| dof | degree of freedom | rep | representation |
| eos | equation of state | rev | review |
| gup | generalized uncertainty principle | tft | topological field theory |
| Lag | Lagrangian | vev | vacuum expectation value |
| Abbreviations: Symbols | |
| * | Indicates a generic comment. |
| $ | Indicates a definition. |
| @ | Indicates references. |
| & | Indicates people who have worked on a subject, but with no specific reference. |
| > | Indicates links to other pages. |