The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Experiment and Paradox  

In General > s.a. correlations; quantum information; wigner functions.
* Idea: An argument that could be called Einstein's reality-locality-completeness theorem, since it proves that one of these three properties must be false for quantum mechanics.
* Remark: It is a paradox only if we assume that (e.g., in the decay 0e+e) Alice's measurement of the spin of one particle makes the spin of the other one an element of reality.
@ Reviews, books: Mermin PT(85)apr; Selleri ed-88; Roussel qp/03-in; Socolovsky qp/05; Gisin qp/07-in; Szabó a0712-in; Blaylock a0902 [intro].
@ General references: Einstein et al PR(35); Bohr PR(35); Bohm & Aharonov PR(57), NC(60); Kronz PhSc(88)dec; Omnès PLA(89); Deltete & Guy PhSc(91)sep; Yurke & Stoler PRL(92) [independent particle sources]; Szabó qp/98, qp/00; Khrennikov & Volovich qp/02 [EPR vs Bohm-Bell]; Khrennikov FPL(04) [and classical contextual probabilities]; Gyftopoulos & von Spakovsky qp/04 [current understanding]; Whitaker FP(04) [reassessment]; Norsen AIP(06)-qp/04, FPL(06) [and Bell locality]; Tresser qp/05; Conte a0711-in; Lando & Bringuier EJP(08) [classical roots].
@ Critiques of argument: Brassard & Méthot IJQI(06)qp/07; Field qp/07/PRA, a0804 [comment Fischer a0805]; Khrennikov a0804.
@ Proposed resolutions: Pitowsky PRL(82); Dewdney et al JPA(87) [causal account]; Szabó qp/98 [Reichenbachian concept of common cause]; Tommasini O&S(03)qp/02 [using photon uncertainty]; Kracklauer a0903 [proposed local, real model]; San Pedro a0905 [common-cause model].
@ Loopholes: Mermin in(86); Feldmann FPL(95)qp/99.

EPR-Type Experiments > s.a. foundations; history; relativistic quantum mechanics.
* Idea: Have a source emitting two photons together in opposite directions (atomic cascade), with polarizations measured "far" from the source along two directions, each chosen at random among three possible directions at 120o from each other; Quantum mechanics and local hidden variables theories give different and incompatible predictions for the correlations between the observed polarizations of the two photons.
* Results: Experiments of A Aspect et al at Orsay have confirmed the quantitative predictions of quantum mechanics regarding Bell's inequalities, thus ruling out theories with local hidden variables.
& Experimental groups, 1987: J F Clauser & S Freedman (Berkeley); R Holt & F M Pipkin (Harvard); E S Fry & R C Thompson (Texas A&M); A Aspect & collaborators (Orsay); 1999: N Gisin et al (Genève).
@ Reviews: Mattuck EJP(82); Zajonc in(89); Lamoreaux IJMPA(92); Percival qp/00/Nat, PLA(01).
@ Bell's inequalities: Aspect et al PRL(81), PRL(82), PRL(92); Marshall PLA(84) [experiments needed]; Greenberger & Zeilinger PW(95)sep; Tittel et al EPL(97)qp [35 m], PRA(98)qp/97 [10 km], PRL(98); Weihs et al PRL(98)qp [with enforced locality]; Sica OC(99)qp/01, OC(99)qp/01; Kracklauer2 qp/00; Adenier & Khrennikov qp/06-in [anomalies in photon data].
@ Bell-Kochen-Specker: Cabello & García-Alcaine PRL(98)qp/97; de la Torre FP(07)qp/06 [no x and p values].
@ Single particle: Hessmo et al PRL(04) [photon].
@ Experiments: Zhao et al FP(08) [even-based computer simulation]; Ichikawa et al PLA(08) [using meson decay]; > s.a. experiments in quantum mechanics.
@ And locality: Cohen PRA(97); Accardi & Regoli qp/00-in; Jacobs & Wiseman AJP(05)oct-qp [as a story]; Smerlak & Rovelli FP(07)qp/06 [relational view of quantum mechanics]; Tresser qp/06 [no locality assumption]; > s.a. locality.

Related Topics > s.a. bell's inequalities.
@ General references: Rarity & Tapster PRL(90); Sinha & Sorkin FPL(91) [sum-over-histories account]; Hagley et al PRL(97) [with atoms]; Thompson qp/97/PRL [critique]; Svozil NJP(06)qp/02 [simultaneous measurements]; Bertlmann et al PLA(04)qp [meson pairs]; Takei et al PRA(06) [time-gated]; Ding et al hp/07 [in high-energy physics]; Matzkin qp/07, replaced by a0808 [model based on random local interaction].
@ Similar inequalities and types of particles: Peres AJP(00)nov-qp/99 [momenta]; Gisin & Go AJP(01)mar-qp/00 [with photons and kaons]; González-Robles MPLA(03) [any spin]; Bramon et al JMO(05)qp/04 [re B mesons]; Caban PRA(07) [photons, quantum field theory approach]; Walborn et al a0907 [based on an entropic uncertainty relation].
@ And gravity, general relativity: von Borzeszkowski & Mensky PLA(00); Peres FdP(04)qp-in, FP(05) [and information]; Bakke et al a0902 [curved spacetime].
@ And hidden variables: Michler et al PRL(00) [non-contextual]; Hofer qp/01 [simulations, with local hidden variables].


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