In General > s.a. discrete
spacetime; Lorentz-symmetry phenomenology.
* Motivations for violation:
Could explain the existence of ultra high-energy cosmic rays beyond the GZK cutoff,
and the observations of multi-TeV
gamma-rays
from Mkn 501; Could be associated with a cutoff
scale which regularizes quantum field theory and black-hole entropy calculations.
* Mechanisms: Arises
naturally in some versions of quantum gravity (but not in
lqg!), string theory, and quantum field theory radiative corrections
in non-trivial backgrounds, in which either
not all inertial frames are equivalent (spacetime discrete structure and fluctuations
at Planck
scales with an effectively
preferred frame), or kinematical Lorentz
group transformations from one frame to another are non-linearly deformed ("doubly
special relativity''); Can also arise in some semiclassical gravity models
in which Minkowski space is unstable and there is a phase transition to dS
space.
@ Reviews: González-Mestres phy/00-in
[high-energy astrophysics];
Gambini & Pullin gq/01-in
[canonical quantum gravity]; Kostelecky hp/01-in
[and CPT]; Amelino-Camelia gq/01-in
[with l and v scales], gq/02 [lqg
and non-commutative geometry],
gq/03-in
[approaches]; Colladay AIP-hp/03;
Lehnert PRD(03)gq [framework];
Bluhm pw(04)mar;
Kostelecky SA(04)aug; Jacobson et al gq/04-in, hp/04-in,
AP(06)ap/05;
Lehnert gq/06-in,
a0711/JPA; Iorio
JPCS(07)phy/06;
Amelino-Camelia et al IJMPA(080-in
[at Planck scale]; Liberati & Maccione ARNPS(09)-a0906
[and constraints].
@ Spontaneous breaking: Yokoi PLB(01)ht/00 [2+1];
Colladay
hp/01-in;
Moffat
IJMPD(03)
[and
cosmic
rays]; Jenkins
PRD(04)ht/03;
Graesser et al PLB(05)ht [in
gravitational couplings]; Dvali et al PRD(07)ht [without
spacetime geometry effects]; Bluhm a0704-in,
et al PRD(08)-a0712,
Bluhm
PoS-a0801
[Goldstone modes]; > s.a. Goldstone
Boson; symmetry
breaking.
@ Related topics: Amelino-Camelia PLB(01)ht/00 [minimum L];
Greenberg PRL(02)hp [and
CPT]; Barbero & Villaseñor
PRD(03)gq [effective
actions and Euclidean general relativity]; Collins et al PRL(04)gq [size
of effects]; Hinterleitner PRD(05)gq/04 [canonical
methods]; Amelino-Camelia ap/04-in
[test theories]; Libanov & Rubakov JHEP(05)ht [infrared
modification, ghosts-tachyons]; Jacobson & Wall a0804-GRF
[emergence
required by second law of thermodynamics]; Potting AIP(06)-a0902
[and masslessness
of gravitons]; Visser PRD(09)
[as quantum field theory regulator]; Hagar SHPMP(09)
[conceptual].
> Related topics: see renormalization.
Modifications of the Lorentz Group > s.a. branes;
finsler geometry; non-commutative
geometry; poincaré group; sound.
* Preferred vector field:
A theory with a preferred vector field, or a preferred frame, is sometimes
called "Einstein-Ether
theory"; A preferred W a can
be used to
write dispersion relations or field theory Lagrangians
pa pa
=
gamma(mP)–1 (W a pa)3 ,
=
phi(mP)–1
(W a
a)3
.
@ Einstein-aether: Jacobson & Mattingly PRD(01)gq/00,
PRD(01)gq/00, gq/01-in
[in general relativity], PRD(04)gq;
Eling et al gq/04-in;
Bertolami & Páramos PRD(05)ht [vacuum
solutions]; Foster PRD(05);
Foster & Jacobson PRD(06)
[PN parameters]; Eling & Jacobson CQG(06)
[spherical solutions], PRD(06)gq [2D
theory]; Garfinkle et al PRD(07)gq [gravitational
collapse]; Eling et al PRD(07)-a0705 [neutron
stars]; Foster PRD(07)-a0706 [binaries,
strong field effects]; Bonvin et al PRD(08)
[solar system]; Jacobson a0711-in,
PoS-a0801 [rev];
Withers CQG(09)-a0905 [quantum
effective field theory]; > s.a. black
holes; Ether; gödel
solutions.
@ Einstein-aether, cosmology: Tartaglia & Radicella PRD(07);
Li et al PRD(08)-a0709 [primordial
perturbations]; Zuntz et al PRL(08)-a0808.
@ Maximal acceleration: Nesterenko et al PRD(99)
[and regularization]; Lambiase
IJTP(01);
Papini PLA(02)
[stellar stability]; Feoli IJMPD(03)gq/02;
Rama MPLA(03)ht/02 [
-deformed
Poincaré];
Toller ht/03 [geometries]; > s.a. kerr
spacetime.
@ Deformations and quantum version: Finkelstein JMP(96), LMP(00)ht [spin-statistics];
Azcárraga et al qa/97 [h-deformation];
Buffenoir & Roche CMP(99)qa/97;
Lagraa JGP(00);
Lukierski & Nowicki IJMPA(03)ht/02,
APPB(02)ht, ht/02-in;
Amelino-Camelia et al CQG(04)
[
-Poincaré
algebras, and cosmological constant]; Daszkiewicz et al MPLA(08)
[and 4-momentum addition]; > s.a. minkowski space; modified
QED [at cosmological scales].
@ Other topics: Bruno et al PLB(01)ht [boosts
that saturate]; Lindesay mp/03 [extension].
Modified Action of the Lorentz Group > s.a. poincaré group; doubly special
relativity.
@ References: Manida gq/99 [precursor];
Yokoi PLB(01)ht/00 [non-linear];
Toller MPLA(03)ht [transformation
of momentum-energy]; Broekaert FP(05)gq/03-in
[gravitationally modified]; Tsabary & Censor mp/04.
Models and Theories > s.a. doubly
special relativity; interactions; modified
electromagnetism; particle
physics; QED; modified
QED.
@ Lorentz-violating dispersion relations: Bertolami & Rosa PRD(05)hp/04 [cubic];
> s.a.
matter phenomenology in quantum gravity.
@ Standard model extensions:
Colladay & Kostelecky
PRD(98)hp;
Kostelecky PRD(04)ht/03 [and
gravity];
Alfaro PRL(05)ht/04 [from
quantum gravity]; Alfaro AIP(07)-a0704
[maximum velocities]; Bolokhov & Pospelov PRD(08)
[dimension-5 Lorentz-violating interactions].
@ Non-commutative: Carroll et al PRL(01)ht;
Carmona
et al PLB(03)ht/02;
Giri & Shreecharan a0812;
> s.a. non-commutative
geometry.
@ Gravity:
Gabadadze & Grisa PLB(05)ht/04 [massive];
Kostelecky & Potting GRG(05)gq,
PRD(09)-a0901;
Ferrari et al PLB(07)ht/06 [linearized];
Grisa JHEP(08)-a0803 [massive
gravity from Lorentz-violating potential term]; Potting JPCS(09)-a0904;
Blas et al a0905;
Nojiri
& Odintsov a0905 [Horava-like
covariant theory]; > s.a. horava-lifshitz
gravity.
@ Quantum gravity: Alfaro
et al PRD(04)gq;
Sudarsky & Caicedo JPCS(05);
Vucetich gq/05;
Alfaro PRD(05)ht [hadron
effects
including GZK anomaly]; Lehnert IJMPA(05)ap;
Collins et al ht/06-in;
Jackiw a0709-in
[diffeomorphism-invariant]; Moffat a0905;
Koslowski & Schenkel a0910 [functional-renormalization-group methods].
@ Analog models: Weinfurtner et al JPCS-gq/05;
Liberati
et al PRL(06)gq/05 [and
naturalness issue].
@ Brane world: Csáki et al GRG(01)gq [and
cosmological constant]; Stoica JHEP(02)ht/01;
Bekaert
et al JHEP(02)ht;
Rizzo JHEP(05).
@ String theory: Bertolami CQG(97)gq;
Ambjørn et al PRD(02)ht/01 [matrix
models]; Mavromatos ht/02-in,
PoS-a0708
[non-critical].
@ Very Special Relativity: Cohen & Glashow PRL(06);
Gibbons
et al PRD(07)-a0708 [and
Finsler geometry].
@ Vector field with vev: Cheng et al JHEP(06)ht; Hashimoto JHEP(08)
[Kraus-Tomboulis model, properties].
@ Other theories: Colladay & McDonald
JMP(02)hp [and
spinors]; Kostelecky et al PRD(02)ht/01 [electrodynamics];
Myers & Pospelov PRL(03)hp;
Cardone & Mignani 04;
Altschul PRD(05)ht/04 [non-locally
modified
scalar];
Altschul & Kostelecky PLB(05)
[non-polynomial vector field theories]; Mariz et al JHEP(05)
[effective Chern-Simons at finite T]; Carmona & Cortes ht/06-in
[beyond
effective
field theories]; Mariz et al BJP-ht/06-in
[radiative corrections to Chern-Simons-like
terms]; Rashidi & Salehi PLB(07);
Parentani PoS-a0801
[breaking by UV dissipative effects].
> Other theories: see
chern-simons theory; gravitation;
interactions [instantaneous]; particle
physics; quantum-gravity
phenomenology; scalar-tensor theories;
quantum spacetime;
supergravity; supersymmetric
theories; supersymmetry
phenomenology.
main page – abbreviations – journals – comments – other
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send feedback and suggestions to bombelli at olemiss.edu – modified 8
nov
2009