Higher-Dimensional
Spacetime and Gravity| Higher-Dimensional
Spacetime and Gravity |
In General
* Types: Theories with
small, compact extra dimensions (as in the Kaluza-Klein and Jordan theories),
for a minimum of 5 for unification of gravity and electromagnetism, and at
least
11 to include
the symmetry group of the standard model; Theories with "large" extra
dimensions (as in brane world scenarios); Theories with non-compactified
extra dimensions (as in the Randall-Sundrum variant of brane models); In string
theory there are 10 or 11 dimensions; Universal extra dimensions, in which
all matter
fields
propagate
in the bulk.
@ Overviews, history: Arkani-Hamed et al SA(00)aug; Deser phy/04-in;
Halpern 04; Krauss 05; Kumar & Suresh gq/05;
Sundrum ht/05-ln;
Sakellariadou ht/07-in
[rev, various theories];
Wesson 07.
@ I: Randall 05.
Formulations, Issues and Effects > s.a. asymptotic
flatness; collapse;
energy-momentum;
equivalence principle.
@ General references: Madore & Mourad PLB(95)ht [simulated
by quantum fluctuations]; Giddings & Myers PRD(04)ht [decompactification];
Zanelli ht/05-ln
[Chern-Simons (super)gravity]; Han et al MPLA(05)gq [Palatini
form]; Borstnik & Nielsen ht/06 [and
fermions with no fundamental charges]; Randall PT(07)jul
[the case for].
@ Hamiltonian formulation: Nieto CQG(05)ht/04 [7+1
connection formulation]; Nieto GRG(07)
[12-dimensional, self-dual].
@ Gravity: Troncoso & Zanelli CQG(00)ht/99 [and
torsion]; Ootsuka
et al CQG(04)gq/03 [chiral];
Sher & Sullivan AJP(06)
[scale dependence].
@ Compactification: Carroll & Tam a0802 [aether compactification].
@ And origin of matter: Dadhich & Maeda
a0705-in [Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity].
@
Instabilities: Mignemi GRG(89)
[SO(1, N–1) 
SO(K–N)];
Carroll et al PRD(02);
Giddings PRD(03)ht;
Dine et al JHEP(04)ht [and
susy breaking]; > s.a. branes; kaluza-klein.
@ Extra timelike dimensions: Erdem & Un EPJC(06)hp/05 [phenomenology];
Sparling gq/06,
gq/06, PRS(07);
Quirós a0706,
a0707 [causality
and unitarity not violated]; > s.a. kaluza-klein theories, time [two-time
physics].
@ Projective: Fauser GRG(01)gq/00 [status];
Schmutzer GRG(01)
[cosmology and astrophysics]; Gorbatsievich GRG(01)
[axiomatics].
@ Other types: Zumino PRP(86);
Mignemi GRG(90)
[SO(1, N–1) SO(K–N),
chiral fermions ok]; Freidel et al ATMP(99)ht [BF-like];
Bjerrum-Bohr NPB(04)ht/03 [high-D limit];
Anabalón et al PRD(07)ht/06 [5D
Einstein-Hilbert + Gauss-Bonnet → 4D gauged WZW], JPA(08); Aschieri et al a0704 [fuzzy
extra dimensions]; > s.a. modified electromagnetic
theory.
@ String theory: Faraggi ht/05-in
[fictitious dimensions]; > s.a. string
theory and phenomenology.
@ Supersymmetric: Callin & Burgess NPB(06) [and modified Newtonian gravity].
> Examples: see branes; kaluza-klein; models
of dynamical spacetime [reduction]; supergravity.
> Other issues: see initial
value formulation; quantum cosmology.
Phenomenology and Tests > s.a. brane
cosmology;
fifth force; kaluza-klein
phenomenology; models
of topology change.
* Idea: These theories
lead to departures from Newtonian r–2 behavior
at some scales; Also, models with extra dimensions tipically produce a 4D
effective theory whose vacuum is not exactly Lorentz invariant, but can be
considered a physical medium whose refractive index is determined by the gravitational
field.
* Bounds: 2007, Size
less than 80 microns, from the age of the black hole XTE J1118+480.
@ II: Abel & March-Russell pw(00)nov
[branes].
@ And HEP: Kostelecky & Samuel PLB(91);
Banks et al JHEP(99)ht;
Mathews et al PLB(99)hp/98,
PLB(99)
[top physics], PLB(99)hp/98 [deep
inelastic scattering]; Anchordoqui et al PRD(01)hp/00 [
-N air
showers]; Bronnikov & Melnikov GRG(01);
Hewett & Spiropulu ARNPS(02)hp;
Acosta et CDF PRL(02)
[p-pbar at 1.8 TeV]; Allanach et al
JHEP(02)
[LHC]; Rizzo JHEP(03)
[transverse polarization]; Ruppert et al PLB(05)
[quantum gravity scale and number of extra dimensions]; Macesanu IJMPA(06)
[universal extra dimensions].
@ Other lab-based: Frank et al PLB(04)
[neutron
scattering]; Liu et al MPLA-ht/07 [helium-like
ions].
@ Astrophysical: Barger et al PLB(99)hp [Kaluza-Klein
with large extra dimensions];
Yu & Ford PLB(00)
[spectral line broadening]; Psaltis PRL(07)
+ pw(07)may
[age of black hole XTE J1118+480]; Briet & Hobill a0801 [gravitational
lensing]; Kavic et al a0801 [exploding
primordial black holes]; > s.a. astrophysics.
@ And dark matter: Qin et al ap/05/PRL;
Cembranos et al ap/05-in;
Fucito et al JCAP(06)
[string-inspired]; Hooper & Profumo PRP(07); > s.a. kaluza-klein.
@ And dark energy: Milton G&C(03);
Fabi et al PRD(06)ht [Casimir
energy from non-commutative extra dimensions].
@ Cosmological: Bernardeau & Uzan PRD(01)
[lensing a gravitational potential]; Milton G&C(02)
[and terrestrial]; Buettner et al IJMPA(04)
[early universe spectroscopy]; Bernardeau ap/04/PRL
[galaxy surveys, cosmic shear]; Balasubramanian et al JHEP(08)-a0712 [topology
from cosmology].
@ Gravitational waves: Cardoso et al PRD(03);
Seahra et al PRL(05)gq/04 [branes,
spectroscopy]; Alesci & Montani IJMPD(05)gq/04 [5D
Kaluza-Klein], IJMPD(05);
Clarkson & Maartens GRG(05)ap-GRF;
Clarkson & Seahra CQG(07).
@ Related topics: Gunther & Zhuk G&C(99);
Sahni & Shtanov gq/06 [artificial
planetary system APSIS]; Barnafoldi et al a0706 [compact
stars]; > s.a. Birkhoff
Theorem; dispersion; gravitational
wave
background, tests
of general relativity [solar system].
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Send feedback and suggestions to bombelli at olemiss.edu – Modified
19 jul 2008