In General > s.a. analogs [and
mimickers]; black
holes [including black strings] and solutions; quantum
black holes.
@ Reviews: Charles ap/98-in
[binaries in Milky Way]; Celotti
et al CQG(99)ap;
Ziólkowski ap/03-in.
Primordial > s.a. early
universe [baryogenesis].
* Idea: Black holes
that form from the collapse of super-critical fluctuations in the early universe.
@ General references: Bousso & Hawking PRD(95)gq, gq/96-in;
Liddle & Green PRP(98)gq-in;
Custódio & Horvath PRD(98)ap;
Jedamzik PRP(98)ap [stellar
mass]; Widerin & Schmid
ap/98-in,
ap/98-in
[QCD transition]; Green & Liddle PRD(99)ap,
et al PRD(04)
[mass fraction]; Custódio & Horvath
PRD(02)ap/01 [bounds],
CQG(03)gq [and
holography]; Harada & Carr PRD(05)ap/04 [size
limits]; Carr ap/05-in,
ap/05-in
[rev]; Khlopov a0801-in.
@ Formation: Niemeyer ap/98-in,
Niemeyer & Jedamzik
PRD(99)ap [numerical];
Hawke & Stewart
CQG(02);
Musco et al CQG(05)gq/04 [numerical];
Hidalgo a0708 [effect of non-Gaussian curvature perturbations].
@ And cosmology: Carr & Goymer ap/00-in
[models]; Patel & Fuller
ap/00-in
[and phase transitions]; Carr ap/01-in
[varying G]; Polarski PLB(02)ap/01 [accelerating
universe]; Bugaev & Konishchev
PRD(02)ap [constraints];
Guedens et al PRD(02)ap,
PRD(02)ap [brane
cosmology]; Ricotti et al a0709 [effect on cmb and parameter estimation]; > s.a.
scalar-tensor theories.
@ As dark matter: Blais et al PLB(02)ap;
Afshordi et al ApJ(03)ap;
Chen
ap/03-in;
Khriplovich & Produit IJMPD(07) [and radiation].
@ Other topics: Stojkovic & Freese PLB(05)
[solution of monopole problem]; Chisholm PRD(06)
[clustering].
Small > s.a. black hole formation [production
in hep]; particle models; phenomenology; spacetime
foam [virtual].
@ References: Wu GRG(98)
[from "nothing", constrained gravitational instanton]; Karasik et al PRD(04)gq/03,
PRD(04)
[in Randall-Sundrum]; Cavaglià & Das
CQG(04)ht [TeV-scale,
properties]; Harada PRD(06)gq [minimum
mass].
Stellar
* Status: Main type of
candidate is X-ray binary; 2001, First evidence for rotating black holes; To
search for them, look for effects that can be attributed
to an unseen star with M > 2 MSun on
motion.
* Candidates: Cygnus
X-1, the oldest candidate, first discovered during a rocket flight in 1965
[@ Cui et al ap/97-in];
LMC X-1 (similar characteristics to Cygnus X-1); LMC X-3 (more recent but more
convincing candidate, with mass
is probably around 10 MSun); SS
433 (complicated object, the case is not clear cut).
@ References: McClintock & Remillard ap/03-in
[binaries]; Islam et al MNRAS(04)ap/03,
MNRAS(04)ap/03,
MNRAS(04)ap/03 [from
first massive stars]; Orosz et al a0710-Nat [in M33, 15.65 solar masses].
Intermediate
* Status: 2002, They also seem to be common; 2004, They may form from
mergers of stars in a cluster.
@ Reviews: Miller & Colbert IJMPD(04)ap/03;
van der Marel ap/03-in;
McMillan et al ap/04-in
[in massive clusters]; Miller ap/04-in.
@ General references: Sivaram & Arun a0709 [formation and properties].
@ Evidence: Volonteri & Perna MNRAS(05)ap [and
evolution]; Gebhardt et al ApJ(05)ap
[in globular cluster G1]; Trenti ap/06/MNRAS
[in old globular clusters]; Maccarone et al Nat(07)ap [in
globular clusters]; Zaharijas a0712 [in
G1, and dark matter].
Galactic, or Supermassive > s.a. phenomenology.
* Status: 2000, They
seem to be very common, and most galaxies may have one; They seem to play a
dominant role in galaxy/quasar evolution, producing
black tides that disrupt and rip passing stars apart and powering jets; Examples
are the center of the Milky Way in Sgr, that of the M87 galaxy, and
many
others; 2006, The most massive ones may be aroound 3
109
or 1010 MSun,
depending on the model.
* Mergers: 2007, numerical
simulations show that when two galaxies merge, one of their central black holes
can be ejected, with a speed and ina direction depending on their initial spins.
@ General references: Rees SA(90)nov, ap/97-in;
Ferrarese ap/02-in, & Merritt
pw(02)ap;
Weaver SA(03)jul [and star formation]; Combes ap/05-in;
Greenwood ap/05;
Volonteri ap/06-in
[evolution]; Melia a0704-in;
Miller & Reynolds PT(07)aug
[effect on environment]; Jovanovic & Popovic a0803-FdP [effects of strong gravitational
fields].
@ In Milky Way: Townes & Genzel SA(90)apr; news pn(98)jan;
Melia & Falcke ARAA(01)ap;
Miyoshi ap/04-in
[SgrA*].
@ Formation: Shapiro ap/03-in
[simulation]; Tyler et al ap/03/ApJ
[processes]; Rees & Volonteri ap/07-in;
Madau
ap/07-in;
Begelman a0709-in [by direct collapse]; > s.a.
collapse, numerical
models.
@ And halos: de Zeeuw ap/97-in;
Ferrarese ApJ(02)ap.
@ Mergers: Yoo et al ap/07-ApJ
[galaxy cluster mergers]; González et al PRL(07),
Campanelli et al PRL(07)gq
+ sr(07)may
[recoil kicks].
@ Related topics: Ford et al ap/97-in
[HST]; Richstone ap/98-in;
Sridhar & Touma MNRAS(99)ap/98 [motion
around them]; Rees ap/99-in;
Bean & Magueijo
PRD(02)gq [from
primordial]; Harun-or-Rashid ap/02-PhD
[toroidal]; Sivaram a0803 [binary,
and tests of general relativity].
@ Alternatives: Miller MNRAS(06)ap/05 [constraints]; Svidzinsky ap/06 [oscillating
axion bubbles].
Cosmological
@ References: Stornaiolo GRG(02)
[lensing, cmb].
Main page – Abbreviations – Journals – Comments – Other
sites – Acknowledgements
Send feedback and suggestions to bombelli at olemiss.edu – Modified
18 jun 2008